JAMA ophthalmology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Comparative Effectiveness Trial for Diabetic Macular Edema: Additional Efficacy Post Hoc Analyses of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
Post hoc analyses from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network randomized clinical trial comparing aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema (DME) might influence interpretation of study results. ⋯ Although post hoc analyses should be viewed with caution given the potential for bias, in eyes with a VA of 20/50 or worse, aflibercept has the greatest improvement in VA over 2 years. Focal/grid laser treatment, ceiling and floor effects, or both may account for mean thickness reductions noted only in bevacizumab-treated eyes between 1 and 2 years.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Spectacle Wear Among Children in a School-Based Program for Ready-Made vs Custom-Made Spectacles in India: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Uncorrected refractive errors are the most common cause of visual impairment in children despite correction being highly cost-effective. ⋯ Most children were eligible for ready-made spectacles, and the proportion wearing ready-made spectacles was not inferior to the proportion wearing custom-made spectacles at 3 to 4 months. These findings suggest that ready-made spectacles could substantially reduce costs for school-based eye health programs in India without compromising spectacle wear, at least in the short term.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prevalence of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein and Aquaporin-4-IgG in Patients in the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial.
Autoantibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are recently established biomarkers of autoimmune optic neuritis whose frequency and accompanying phenotype, especially for MOG-IgG, are still being characterized. The Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT) was a well-known randomized clinical trial in optic neuritis; therefore, knowledge of the serostatus and accompanying phenotype of these patients would be useful to determine the frequency of these antibodies in patients presenting with typical monocular optic neuritis and their outcomes. ⋯ Frequency of MOG-IgG was rare in the ONTT, and AQP4-IgG was not found in patients in the ONTT. Characteristics of patients positive for MOG-IgG in the ONTT support the previously described phenotype of MOG-IgG optic neuritis. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-related disease appears to be a different entity than multiple sclerosis. Overall, AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG may be less common in isolated optic neuritis than previously reported.
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Multicenter Study
Risk Factors Associated With the Ophthalmoscopic Findings Identified in Infants With Presumed Zika Virus Congenital Infection.
The Zika virus (ZIKV) might cause microcephaly and ophthalmoscopic findings in infants of mothers infected during pregnancy. ⋯ Ocular involvement in infants with presumed ZIKV congenital infection were more often seen in infants with smaller cephalic diameter at birth and in infants whose mothers reported symptoms during the first trimester.
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Insurance billing claim databases represent a growing field of scientific inquiry within ophthalmology. Validating the accuracy of billing claim codes used during the care of diabetic retinopathy is a necessary precursor to fully understanding the underlying data and subsequent results of these types of studies. ⋯ These data suggest diagnostic, procedure, and therapeutic codes derived from insurance billing claims accurately reflect the medical record for patients with diabetic retinopathy.