European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Sep 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIbuprofen arginate provides effective relief from postoperative dental pain with a more rapid onset of action than ibuprofen.
Ibuprofen is a safe and effective analgesic, but some formulations have a slow onset of action. Ibuprofen arginate is a rapidly absorbed salt designed to promote more rapid onset of analgesia. A clinical trial was conducted in 226 patients with postoperative dental pain to assess the analgesic efficacy and speed of onset of the arginine salt of ibuprofen compared with one of the commercially available forms of ibuprofen. ⋯ Mean plasma ibuprofen concentrations at 30 min and 60 min, respectively, were: ibuprofen arginine 200 mg, 13.9 micro g/ml and 15.7 micro g/ml; ibuprofen arginine 400 mg, 29.5 micro g/ml and 29.3 micro g/ml; ibuprofen 200 mg 2.5 micro g/ml and 5 micro g/ml; ibuprofen 400 mg, 2.3 micro g/ml and 7.4 micro g/ml. ( P<0.05). Adverse event profiles were similar across treatment groups. These results overall suggest that ibuprofen arginate when taken at doses equivalent to commercially available ibuprofen formulations produces analgesia that is faster in onset.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialNo evidence that amifostine influences the plasma pharmacokinetics of topotecan in ovarian cancer patients.
This aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of topotecan in the presence and absence of preceding amifostine to reduce the risk of side effects in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. ⋯ Amifostine, 300 mg/m(2), does not significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of topotecan and there are pronounced intra- and inter-individual variabilities in the topotecan pharmacokinetics.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRelative lung and total systemic bioavailability following inhalation from a metered dose inhaler compared with a metered dose inhaler attached to a large volume plastic spacer and a jet nebuliser.
To compare the lung and systemic delivery of salbutamol following inhalation from a metered dose inhaler (MDI), a MDI attached to a spacer (MDI+SP) and a nebuliser (NEB) using a urinary pharmacokinetic method. ⋯ Five 100-microg doses inhaled from a metered dose inhaler attached to a spacer delivered more to the lungs and less to the systemic circulation than either the same doses from a metered dose inhaler used alone or five times the dose given via a jet nebuliser. Spacers should be routinely used instead of nebulisers to manage patients unless they are short of breath.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Oct 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAcetaminophen analgesia in children: placebo effect and pain resolution after tonsillectomy.
Pharmacodynamic models of acetaminophen analgesia in children have not explored the efficacy of single oral doses greater than 40 mg/kg. ⋯ High dose acetaminophen (100 mg/kg) was no more effective than 40 mg/kg and was associated with increased nausea and vomiting. A target effect compartment concentration of 10 mg/l is expected to produce a pain reduction of 2.6 units. The placebo model accounted for a maximum pain reduction of 5.6 units at 3 h. The combination of placebo effect and preoperative acetaminophen 40 mg/kg results in pain scores below 4 units for 5 h postoperatively.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of the kinetic disposition of and serum gastrin change by lansoprazole versus rabeprazole during an 8-day dosing scheme in relation to CYP2C19 polymorphism.
Little is known about differences in the disposition kinetics and pharmacological effects on gastrin levels between lansoprazole and rabeprazole given in a repeated dosing scheme with respect to the polymorphic CYP2C19. ⋯ The disposition kinetic behavior of the two PPIs is co-segregated with CYP2C19. The magnitude of CYP2C19-dependent drug availability in the systemic circulation and resulting gastrin response appears to be fairly similar between the two drugs within the same CYP2C19 genotypic groups after a multiple-dosing regimen.