European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTransdermal fentanyl for the treatment of pain after major urological operations. A randomized double-blind comparison with placebo using intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.
Transdermal fentanyl 75 micrograms/h (Fentanyl-TTS) was compared with placebo in a randomized double-blind study in the early postoperative period, using 50 patients recovering from major urological operations. Analgesic efficacy was individually titrated with intravenous fentanyl by means of a PCA pump (demand dose 34 micrograms, lockout time 5 min). The test systems were applied 8 h before anaesthesia and were left in situ for 24 h. ⋯ Patient acceptance was high in both groups. Side-effects were of only minor intensity and did not differ between the two groups. In particular, there was no case of clinically relevant respiratory depression.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialHemodynamic effects of Ro 23-6152 in patients with essential hypertension.
In a double blind study 8 patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension received in random order single oral doses of placebo and 10, 30 and 80 mg Ro 23-6152, a novel calcium entry blocker, on 4 different days. Patients were assessed 15 min before dosing and at several time intervals over the following 6 h. Ro 23-6152 30 and 80 mg induced a significant decrease (mean maximum 7 mmHg.1-1.min-1) in total peripheral resistance, while cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate were slightly increased (mean maximum 0.51.min-1, 10 ml, 5 beats.min-1, respectively) but not significantly so. ⋯ The PQ interval was also non-significantly increased by no more than 20 ms. It appears that the main hemodynamic effect of Ro 23-6152 in hypertensive patients is a decrease in peripheral resistance. The antihypertensive effect, at least in this short term study, was only modest, probably because the fall in peripheral resistance was partly compensated by an increase in cardiac output.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1989
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of clobazam and clonazepam on saccadic eye movements and other parameters of psychomotor performance.
The effects of two benzodiazepine anticonvulsants clobazam (20 mg) and clonazepam (2 mg) in a variety of psychomotor performance tests were compared in a placebo controlled double-blind acute oral dose study in ten healthy volunteers. Assessments included critical flicker fusion (CFF) threshold, the Sternberg memory scanning and choice reaction time (CRT), peak saccadic velocity (PSV) and visual analogue scales, all previously shown to be sensitive to the effects of benzodiazepines. ⋯ Clonazepam significantly increased memory scanning time compared to clobazam. Clobazam was remarkably free of cognitive and psychomotor side-effects.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialExtradural and parenteral pethidine as analgesia after total hip replacement: effects and kinetics. A controlled clinical study.
Twenty-one patients who had undergone total hip replacement were randomly assigned to one of three groups in order to compare a single dose of 1 mg/kg of pethidine im (I) and 20 mg (II) or 60 mg of extradural pethidine (III) in a double-blind design. The degree of analgesia, the adverse effects, and the kinetics were studied for 18 h. Pain was monitored using a visual analogue scale (VAS). ⋯ The terminal half-lives and plasma clearances of pethidine, and the time to peak concentration were not different between the groups. Single patients in the extradural groups showed hypoalgesia to pin prick in parallel to the effect. The present study shows that extradural pethidine produces shortlived analgesia, in contrast to the long-lasting effect of morphine found in other studies.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialAntihypertensive effects of urapidil and clonidine: a double-blind cross-over study.
The antihypertensive effects of urapidil and clonidine have been studied in a double-blind cross-over trial in 11 hypertensive outpatients with mild to moderate hypertension, at rest and during isometric exercise. Urapidil 30 mg b.i.d. significantly decreased the standing diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05) and the systolic blood pressure at the end of isometric exercise (p less than 0.05). ⋯ Urapidil caused fewer side-effects than clonidine. Overall, in the doses used urapidil had a weaker antihypertensive effect and caused fewer side-effects than clonidine.