European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyCombination paracetamol and ibuprofen for pain relief after oral surgery: a dose ranging study.
Combined paracetamol and ibuprofen has been shown to be more effective than either constituent alone for acute pain in adults, but the dose-response has not been confirmed. The aim of this study was to define the analgesic dose-response relationship of different potential doses of a fixed dose combination containing paracetamol and ibuprofen after third molar surgery. ⋯ All doses of the combination provide safe superior pain relief to placebo in adult patients following third molar removal surgery.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2015
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialPopulation pharmacokinetics of single-dose amikacin in critically ill patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Modifications of antimicrobials' pharmacokinetic parameters have been reported in critically ill patients, resulting in a risk of treatment failure. We characterized amikacin pharmacokinetic variability in critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and evaluated several dosing regimens. ⋯ Amikacin clearance was decreased and its volume of distribution was increased as previously reported. A ≥ 25 mg/kg single-dose is needed for empirical treatment of GNB-VAP.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyNAT2 genotype guided regimen reduces isoniazid-induced liver injury and early treatment failure in the 6-month four-drug standard treatment of tuberculosis: a randomized controlled trial for pharmacogenetics-based therapy.
This study is a pharmacogenetic clinical trial designed to clarify whether the N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) genotype-guided dosing of isoniazid improves the tolerability and efficacy of the 6-month four-drug standard regimen for newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. ⋯ Our results clearly indicate a great potential of the NAT2 genotype-guided dosing stratification of isoniazid in chemotherapy for tuberculosis.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Nov 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyIntravenous buspirone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Buspirone, a partial 5HT(1A) agonist and D₂ and D₃ antagonist, has shown promising antiemetic efficacy when given parenterally in animal models, but its efficacy for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is unknown. ⋯ We were unable to show that intravenous single-dose buspirone, at the tested dose-range, was effective at preventing PONV in surgical adult patients. The present study emphasises the difficulty in extrapolating from animal models of emesis to clinical efficacy in PONV.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialSerum concentrations of opioids when comparing two switching strategies to methadone for cancer pain.
Our aim was to compare pharmacological aspects of two switching strategies from morphine/oxycodone to methadone; the stop and go (SAG) strategy in which methadone is started directly after the initial opioid has been stopped, and the 3-days switch (3DS), in which morphine/oxycodone is gradually changed to methadone by cross-tapering over 3 days. ⋯ The SAG group was initially more exposed to methadone and less to the replaced opioids but without observed clinical benefit and with a higher dropout rate. Patients switched to methadone should be followed closely for the first 5 days, regardless of switching strategy.