European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2012
Multicenter StudyDo CYP2D6 genotypes reflect oxycodone requirements for cancer patients treated for cancer pain? A cross-sectional multicentre study.
Opioids are recommended by the World Health Organization for moderate to severe cancer pain. Oxycodone is one of the most commonly used opioids and is metabolized in the liver by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 enzymes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between oxycodone pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and the CYP2D6 genotypes "poor metaboliser" (PM), "extensive metaboliser" (EM) and "ultra-rapid metaboliser" (URM) in a cohort of patients with cancer pain. ⋯ CYP2D6 genotypes caused expected differences in pharmacokinetics, but they had no pharmacodynamic consequence. CYP2D6 genotypes did not influence pain control, the adverse symptoms nausea and sedation or the risk for cognitive failure in this study of patients treated with oxycodone for cancer pain.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Oct 2011
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialBuprenorphine versus methadone in pregnant opioid-dependent women: a prospective multicenter study.
In order to investigate the effects of exposure to buprenorphine compared with methadone during pregnancy, a prospective multicenter study was conducted in collaboration with maternity hospitals, maintenance therapy centers, and general practitioners involved in addiction care. Ninety pregnant women exposed to buprenorphine and 45 to metadone were selected for the study. ⋯ We did not observe more frequent malformations or cases of withdrawal syndrome in the buprenorphine group than in the methadone-treated group. Buprenorphine appears to be as safe as the currently approved substitute methadone considered to date as the reference treatment for pregnant opioid-dependent women.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 2011
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialInfluences on the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone: a multicentre cross-sectional study in 439 adult cancer patients.
Oxycodone is widely used for the treatment of cancer pain, but little is known of its pharmacokinetics in cancer pain patients. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between ordinary patient characteristics and serum concentrations of oxycodone and the ratios noroxycodone or oxymorphone/oxycodone in cancer patients. ⋯ Women had lower oxycodone serum concentrations than men. CYP3A4 inducers/inhibitors should be used with caution as these are predicted to have a significant impact on oxycodone pharmacokinetics. Other characteristics explained only minor parts of the variability of the outcomes.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2010
Multicenter StudyPopulation pharmacokinetics of intravenous ondansetron in oncology and surgical patients aged 1-48 months.
Until recently, ondansetron was approved for the prevention of nausea and vomiting only in patients older than 2 years. However, as the use of ondansetron in patients younger than 2 years had been documented, characterization of ondansetron pharmacokinetics in this younger pediatric age group was warranted. ⋯ The population pharmacokinetic analysis of ondansetron allows for characterization of individual patients based on body weight and age. It is recommended that patients younger than 4 months receiving ondansetron be closely monitored.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Apr 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyOnset of analgesia with sodium ibuprofen, ibuprofen acid incorporating poloxamer and acetaminophen--a single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with post-operative dental pain.
To compare the onset of action and efficacy of sodium ibuprofen (ibuprofen sodium dihydrate) and ibuprofen acid incorporating poloxamer (ibuprofen/poloxamer) with that of acetaminophen and placebo in patients with post-operative dental pain. ⋯ Compared with acetaminophen, sodium ibuprofen was associated with significantly greater analgesic efficacy, pain relief in a greater proportion of patients and greater patient satisfaction.