Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering
-
The Automated External Defibrillation is the key link of the chain of survival for patients in cardiac arrest. A lot of case series and trials have shown the effectiveness of early defibrillation by first rescuers and trained lay persons. ⋯ The new generation of Automated External Defibrillators (AED) are sophisticated, computerized devices that are reliable and simple to operate, enabling also lay rescuers to administer this lifesaving intervention to victims of cardiac arrest. For the concept of recurrent adequate and qualified training in the use of the AED integrated in effective DPR is recommended.
-
Comparative Study
The effect of limited interlaminar decompression versus complete laminectomy on intrathecal volume in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.
There is a controversial discussion about the adequate surgical procedure for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Due to the observation that the degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis takes place predominantly at the interlaminar region on the level of the disc involving facets and bulging of the ligamentum flavum, resection of the whole lamina might not be necessary. A biomechanical study was designed to assess the effect of different decompression techniques using cadaver lumbar spine models. ⋯ The results allow to conclude that limited interlaminar decompression is efficient for decompression in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.
-
Long periods of quiet sitting is considered a cause of low back pain. It is often assumed that spinal loads are high, especially when sitting erect. Modern office chairs with a tiltable back permit changes in the seated posture. ⋯ In the end-tilt position of the chairback, loads were always lower than when the chairback was upright. Even when the lordotic curvature of the lumbar spine was "corrected", loads on the fixator were lower than when the subject was seated in the upright position. In a modern chair, spinal loading is no higher than with non-adjustable office chairs.
-
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRO 300, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan) was used to monitor human cerebral function in the central region during manual acupuncture needle stimulation of the large intestine 4 (LI.4) point in 16 adult volunteers (9 females, 7 males; mean age 23.9 +/- 6.0 (SD) years, range 19-45 years). We found a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in oxyhaemoglobin after needle insertion and stimulation (duration 20 sec.), accompanied by an increase (p = 0.003) in deoxyhaemoglobin. ⋯ Cytochrome oxidase aa3 remained unchanged during stimulation. The results demonstrate that near-infrared spectroscopy may be a noninvasive method of measuring regional changes in cerebral haemodynamics resulting from peripheral acupuncture stimulation.
-
Comparative Study
[Variability of ventilation parameters of home ventilation equipment].
The performance of pressure- and volume controlled ventilators used for invasive and non-invasive ventilation in the home were tested on a patient lung model. In order to determine the influence of tidal volume preset, breathing rate, resistance, compliance and leakage to the variability of delivered tidal volume and peak airway pressure a factorial plan with adapted analysis of variance was used. The influence of tidal volume preset, compliance and leakage to the delivered tidal volume is significant. ⋯ All tested ventilators meet the legal demands. But in some clinical situations there are considerable deviations of the breathing parameters depending on the brand. In conclusion ventilators of different brands are not interchangeable.