The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialUnsupervised phenotyping of Severe Asthma Research Program participants using expanded lung data.
Previous studies have identified asthma phenotypes based on small numbers of clinical, physiologic, or inflammatory characteristics. However, no studies have used a wide range of variables using machine learning approaches. ⋯ The unsupervised machine learning approaches used here provide unique insights into disease, confirming other approaches while revealing novel additional phenotypes.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialDetection of pathogenic bacteria during rhinovirus infection is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations.
Detection of either viral or bacterial pathogens is associated with wheezing in children; however, the influence of both bacteria and viruses on illness symptoms has not been described. ⋯ Rhinovirus infection enhances detection of specific bacterial pathogens in children with and without asthma. Furthermore, these findings suggest that M catarrhalis and S pneumoniae contribute to the severity of respiratory tract illnesses, including asthma exacerbations.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
ReviewThe diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update.
These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (JTFPP), representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The AAAAI and ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time. The medical environment is a changing environment, and not all recommendations will be appropriate for all patients. ⋯ In addition, before confirming the selection of a Work Group chairperson, the Joint Task Force will discuss and resolve all relevant potential conflicts of interest associated with this selection. Finally, all members of parameter workgroups will be provided a written statement regarding the importance of ensuring that the parameter development process is free of commercial bias. Practice parameters are available online at www.jcaai.org and www.allergyparameters.org.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Apr 2014
Case fatality and population mortality associated with anaphylaxis in the United States.
Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that can cause death; however, the actual risk of death is unclear. ⋯ From 2006 to 2009, the overwhelming majority of hospitalizations or ED presentations for anaphylaxis did not result in death, with an average case fatality rate of 0.3%. Anaphylaxis-related hospitalizations increased steadily in the last decade (1999-2009), but this increase was offset by the decreasing case fatality rate among those hospitalized; both inpatient and overall mortality rates associated with anaphylaxis appeared stable and were well under 1 per million population. Although anaphylactic reactions are potentially life-threatening, the probability of dying is actually very low. With the prevalence of anaphylaxis on the increase, practitioners need to stay vigilant and follow the treatment guidelines to further reduce anaphylaxis-related deaths.