The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyDupilumab improves the molecular signature in skin of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Severe atopic dermatitis (AD) has a high unmet need for effective and safe therapeutics. In early-phase trials, dupilumab, a fully human mAb targeting IL-4 receptor α, markedly improved disease activity, but the effect of IL-4/IL-13 blockade on AD at the molecular level has not been characterized. ⋯ This is the first report showing rapid improvement of the AD molecular signature with targeted anti-IL-4 receptor α therapy. These data suggest that IL-4 and IL-13 drive a complex, TH2-centered inflammatory axis in patients with AD.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEmollient enhancement of the skin barrier from birth offers effective atopic dermatitis prevention.
Atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that has reached epidemic proportions in children worldwide and is increasing in prevalence. Because of the significant socioeconomic effect of atopic dermatitis and its effect on the quality of life of children and families, there have been decades of research focused on disease prevention, with limited success. Recent advances in cutaneous biology suggest skin barrier defects might be key initiators of atopic dermatitis and possibly allergic sensitization. ⋯ The results of this trial demonstrate that emollient therapy from birth represents a feasible, safe, and effective approach for atopic dermatitis prevention. If confirmed in larger trials, emollient therapy from birth would be a simple and low-cost intervention that could reduce the global burden of allergic diseases.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Oct 2014
Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparing safety of abrasion and tape-stripping as skin preparation in allergen-specific epicutaneous immunotherapy.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of selective COX-2 inhibition on allergen-induced bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation in asthma.
Prostaglandins that constrict and relax airways are synthesized in reactions catalyzed by either COX-1 or COX-2. It is not known whether selective inhibition of COX-2 makes asthmatic responses better or worse. ⋯ This first study of COX-2 inhibition in provoked asthma found no negative effects of etoricoxib on allergen-induced airflow obstruction and sputum eosinophils, basal lung function, or methacholine responsiveness. The study suggests that short-term use of COX-2 inhibitors is safe in subjects with asthma.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialTransient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonism in patients with refractory chronic cough: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
Inhalation of capsaicin, the extract of hot chili peppers, induces coughing in both animals and human subjects through activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) on airway sensory nerves. Therefore the TRPV1 receptor is an attractive target for the development of antitussive agents. ⋯ This study raises important questions about both the role of TRVP1-mediated mechanisms in patients with refractory chronic cough and also the predictive value of capsaicin challenge testing in the assessment of novel antitussive agents.