Clinical radiology
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Non-accidental head injury (NAHI) in infants is an important but difficult topic. To miss or misdiagnose NAHI potentially has important consequences. The evidence base upon which to base decisions is limited but growing. This article aims to summarise current literature and thinking in this difficult area.
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There is a wide variety of pathological processes which may present with swelling in the submandibular space. Although the submandibular gland is the most important structure in this region, there are a number of extraglandular causes of swelling which frequently mimic submandibular gland enlargement. In this review the use of high-resolution ultrasound in the assessment of the submandibular gland and adjacent structures is discussed and illustrated.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most widely used imaging technique in the investigation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although MS remains a clinical diagnosis, MRI has become an invaluable tool in understanding and monitoring the disease, and is commonly used to confirm the clinical diagnosis. ⋯ The officially endorsed imaging criteria for MS places greater emphasis on the spatial and temporal distribution of lesions than on their individual appearance. This review focuses on the more typical findings in MS, and considers the current role of MRI in the diagnosis.
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The present review focuses on the interstitial lung diseases related to smoking. Thus, the pathology and radiology of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, respiratory bronchiolitis and respiratory bronchiolitis-associated-interstitial lung disease are considered. The more tenuous association between pulmonary fibrosis and smoking is also discussed.
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Enhanced computed tomography (CT) is frequently performed for possible bowel ischaemia. It has the distinct advantage of possible detection of the causes of ischaemia. ⋯ We present the CT imaging findings in surgically proven cases of small bowel ischaemia. In addition to signs pertaining to the underlying aetiological pathology, bowel dilatation, bowel wall thickening, mural gas, occlusion of mesenteric vessels, ascites and infarct of other abdominal organs were observed.