Clinical radiology
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To investigate the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating benign from malignant gallbladder lesions. ⋯ DWI can improve diagnostic accuracy for differentiating benign from malignant gallbladder lesions.
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Comparative Study
Differentiation between intramedullary spinal ependymoma and astrocytoma: comparative MRI analysis.
To investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that could be used to differentiate intramedullary spinal ependymoma from astrocytoma, and to determine predictors for this differentiation. ⋯ Among the various findings, the presence of syringohydromyelia is the main factor distinguishing ependymoma from astrocytoma.
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To explore the value of whole-brain computed tomography perfusion (WBCTP) imaging in patients with intracranial tumours adjacent to large blood vessels. ⋯ Comprehensive evaluation of intracranial tumours adjacent to large blood vessels could be achieved with the WBCTP technique. This technique has great value for the diagnosis of intracranial tumours and for evaluation of the relationship of intracranial tumours to surrounding large blood vessels.
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To compare diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and non-DWI magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and clinical biomarkers for prediction of 2 year developmental outcome in term infants with perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). ⋯ Interobserver agreement for non-DWI performed during the first week is poor. Agreement by three radiologists about the presence of abnormal signal within the PLIC on ADC/DWI images or elevation of Lac:NAA above 0.25 improved sensitivity without reducing the prognostic specificity of MRS in the 19 patients, but this requires validation in a larger group of infants with HIE who have been treated with hypothermia.
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Tracheomalacia, tracheobronchomalacia, and excessive dynamic airway collapse are all terms used to describe tracheal narrowing in expiration. The first two describe luminal reduction from cartilage softening and the latter refers to luminal reduction from exaggerated posterior membrane movement. Expiratory tracheal narrowing is a frequent occurrence that can cause symptoms of airway obstruction, such as dyspnoea, wheeze, and exercise intolerance. ⋯ The reference standard for diagnosis has traditionally been bronchoscopy; however, this method has significant limitations. Expiratory tracheal disorders are readily detected by four-dimensional dynamic volume multidetector computed tomography (4D-CT), an emerging, non-invasive method that will potentially enable detection and quantification of these conditions. This review discusses the morphological forms of expiratory tracheal narrowing and demonstrates the utility of 4D-CT in the diagnosis, quantification, and treatment of these important conditions.