Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialHemostatic changes after crystalloid or colloid fluid administration during major orthopedic surgery: the role of fibrinogen administration.
To explore whether disturbed fibrin polymerization is the main problem underlying dilutional coagulopathy and can be reversed by fibrinogen administration, we conducted a prospective study using modified thrombelastography (ROTEM). ⋯ Disturbance of fibrinogen/fibrin polymerization is the primary problem triggering dilutional coagulopathy during major orthopedic surgery. The magnitude of clot firmness reduction is determined by the type of fluid used, with hydroxyethyl starch showing the most pronounced effects. These undesirable effects of intravascular volume therapy can be reversed by increasing fibrinogen concentration by administering fibrinogen concentrate, even during continuing blood loss and intravascular volume replacement.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Comparative StudyTemporal artery versus bladder thermometry during perioperative and intensive care unit monitoring.
Core temperature measurements are an important component of perioperative patient monitoring. It is fairly easy to obtain core temperature measurements invasively in anesthetized patients. However, such measurements are more difficult to obtain noninvasively in awake patients. Recently, a new version of a temporal artery thermometer for noninvasive core temperature measurements (TemporalScanner TAT-5000) was introduced with accuracy and precision advertised as being comparable to invasive core temperature measurements. In this study, we sought to determine if this new thermometer is an acceptable substitute for invasive bladder temperature measurement. ⋯ The results of this study do not support the use of temporal artery thermometry for perioperative core temperature monitoring; the temporal artery thermometer does not provide information that is an adequate substitute for core temperature measurement by a bladder thermometer.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Parameters derived from the pulmonary pressure volume curve, but not the pressure time curve, indicate recruitment in experimental lung injury.
In acute lung injury, ventilation avoiding tidal hyperinflation and tidal recruitment has been proposed to prevent ventilator-associated lung injury. Information about dynamic recruitment may be obtained from the characteristics of pressure-volume (PV) curves or the profile of pressure-time (Paw-t) curves. ⋯ Parameters derived from the PV curve may help in characterizing the lung aeration of the lung and in indicating recruitment. In the presence of lung-protective ventilator settings, the stress index derived from the Paw-t curve was not able to indicate recruitment.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
The influence of venovenous renal replacement therapy on measurements by the transpulmonary thermodilution technique.
Use of the transpulmonary thermodilution technique has been suggested for extended hemodynamic monitoring in critically ill patients. However, many of these patients also require renal replacement therapy (RRT). Therefore, we analyzed the influence of venovenous RRT on measurement of cardiac index (CI), intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI), and extravascular lung water index (EVLWI). ⋯ RRT had no clinically relevant effect on measurement of CI, ITBVI, and EVLWI in patients with sepsis and maintained cardiac output. Furthermore, the dialysis catheter tip position had no significantly different influence under these conditions.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine can prevent the degeneration of spinal ventral neurons induced by intrathecal morphine after a noninjurious interval of spinal cord ischemia in rats.
In recent studies, we demonstrated that neuraxial morphine after noninjurious spinal cord ischemia in the rat could induce spastic paraplegia and degeneration of selective spinal ventral neurons. Our objective was to investigate the impact of dexmedetomidine infusion on the degeneration of spinal ventral neurons induced by intrathecal (IT) morphine after spinal cord ischemia. ⋯ These data show that repetitive administration of IT morphine can induce paraplegia with degeneration of spinal ventral neurons, which can be attenuated by IV dexmedetomidine at a sedative dose. The use of dexmedetomidine may provide beneficial effects on neurological outcome after IT morphine after spinal cord ischemia in rats.