Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Discrepancies in medication entries between anesthetic and pharmacy records using electronic databases.
Accurate recording of disposition of controlled substances is required by regulatory agencies. Linking anesthesia information management systems (AIMS) with medication dispensing systems may facilitate automated reconciliation of medication discrepancies. ⋯ A significant percentage of cases contained data entry errors in both the automated dispensing and AIMS. This error rate limits the current practicality of automating the necessary reconciliation. An electronic interface between an AIMS and a medication dispensing system could alert users of medication entry errors prior to finalizing a case, thus reducing the time (and cost) of reconciling discrepancies.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
A two-dimensional model of anatomic relationships during laryngoscopy.
The view obtained during direct laryngoscopy is only seen by a single anesthesiologist. The inability of instructors to observe the view poses problems for teaching the technique. The anatomic interactions affecting laryngoscopy are largely internal, hampering efforts to understand why some patients are unexpectedly difficult to intubate. In response, we have constructed a full scale, adjustable, two-dimensional model showing the head and neck in the sagittal plane. In this article, we validate the mannequin and test how various conditions or changes in equipment affect the laryngoscopic view. ⋯ The model reflects an average 16-yr-old male patient in size, proportion, and mobility. It can be used to explicate how anatomic relationships affect laryngoscopy. An objective assessment is necessary to determine the model's utility for teaching and as a tool for researching the mechanisms responsible for laryngoscopic difficulty.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Epidural tezampanel, an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, produces postoperative analgesia in rats.
We evaluated the epidural administration of tezampanel, a non-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, in a rat model for postoperative pain. We sought to determine if this drug affects nociception when administered epidurally by testing its effects on responses to heat in normal rats. The effects of epidural tezampanel on pain-related behaviors in rats that underwent plantar incision were also studied. ⋯ These experiments demonstrate that epidural administration of tezampanel produces analgesia to heat, motor side effects in some rats, and reduces pain behaviors caused by incision. No systemic analgesia was apparent using the largest dose.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Editorial CommentFibrinogen and bleeding: old molecule--new ideas.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClevidipine effectively and rapidly controls blood pressure preoperatively in cardiac surgery patients: the results of the randomized, placebo-controlled efficacy study of clevidipine assessing its preoperative antihypertensive effect in cardiac surgery-1.
Clevidipine is an ultrashort-acting, third-generation IV dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that exerts rapid and titratable arterial blood pressure reduction, with fast termination of effect due to metabolism by blood and tissue esterases. As an arterial-selective vasodilator, clevidipine reduces peripheral vascular resistance directly, without dilating the venous capacitance bed. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial we evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of clevidipine in treating preoperative hypertension. ⋯ Clevidipine was effective in rapidly decreasing blood pressure preoperatively to targeted blood pressure levels and was well tolerated in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery.