Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyLeadership of United States academic anesthesiology programs 2006: chairperson characteristics and accomplishments.
We conducted an Internet-based survey of all current academic anesthesiology chairpersons to benchmark their characteristics and accomplishments, as well as to gain insights that might be useful to aspirant department chairs. ⋯ The survey suggests that anesthesiology chairs value peer-reviewed research, scholarship, and academic achievement, but do not believe that significant research experience is of great benefit to functioning as a chair.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyCentral hypervolemia with hemodilution impairs dynamic cerebral autoregulation.
Frequent changes in the perioperative central blood volume could affect cerebral autoregulation through alterations in sympathetic nerve activity, cardiac output, blood viscosity, and cerebral vasomotor tone. However, the effect of dynamic cerebral autoregulation has not been studied during acute wide-ranging changes in central blood volume, especially with respect to central hypervolemia with hemodilution. ⋯ Our results suggest that, although steady-state CBF velocity changes under both central hypervolemia and hypovolemia, only hypervolemic hemodilution impairs dynamic cerebral autoregulation.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyThe effectiveness of preformed tooth protectors during endotracheal intubation: an upper jaw model.
In anesthetic practice, tooth damage may impair patient safety and is a common reason for litigation. The use of dental shields may reduce this complication. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of dental shields for altering the force on the teeth during endotracheal intubation. ⋯ Preformed dental shields are useful to reduce the force applied to the teeth and potentially reduce the probability of tooth damage during laryngoscopy. However, the shield with the most force reduction capability is rather large and also expensive, making general use impossible. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate efficacy and safety of tooth protectors.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyContinuous peripheral nerve blockade for inpatient and outpatient postoperative analgesia in children.
This is an audit of the continuous peripheral nerve blockade (CPNB) program that was implemented at our institution to provide postoperative analgesia after orthopedic procedures in children. ⋯ It is feasible to implement a CPNB program to provide an alternative method of inpatient and outpatient postoperative analgesia after orthopedic surgery in children when appropriate expertise is available. Patient and family education along with frequent follow-up are crucial to detect and address adverse events promptly.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyThe involvement of peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the antihyperalgesic effect of oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory pain.
We studied whether peripheral alpha2-adrenergic receptors are involved in the antihyperalgesic effects of oxcarbazepine by examining the effects of yohimbine (selective alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist), BRL 44408 (selective alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor antagonist), MK-912 (selective alpha2C-adrenoceptor antagonist), and clonidine (alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist) on the antihyperalgesic effect of oxcarbazepine in the rat model of inflammatory pain. ⋯ Our results indicate that the peripheral alpha2A and alpha2C adrenoceptors could be involved in the antihyperalgesic effects of oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory hyperalgesia.