Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of epidural anesthesia with different concentrations of ropivacaine on sevoflurane requirements.
We evaluated sevoflurane requirements during combined general-epidural anesthesia with different concentration of ropivacaine. ⋯ Epidural anesthesia can decrease sevoflurane requirements to a larger extent when a higher concentration of ropivacaine was applied.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 2007
Comparative Study Clinical TrialPreoperative ultra short-term entropy predicts arterial blood pressure fluctuation during the induction of anesthesia.
In this study, we sought to determine whether the preoperative nonlinear index of heart rate variability, ultra short-term entropy (UsEn), could predict cardiovascular responses to the induction of general anesthesia. ⋯ UsEn could predict arterial blood pressure fluctuations during the induction of anesthesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 2007
Case ReportsAn intraatrial thrombus and pulmonary thromboembolism as a late complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty.
Although percutaneous vertebroplasty is a simple and generally safe method for the management of vertebral compression fractures, cement leakage outside the vertebral body is a potential source of serious complications. We report a patient who presented with dyspnea and edema five years after percutaneous vertebroplasty and underwent open-heart surgery. This case demonstrates an intraatrial thrombus and pulmonary thromboembolism caused by venous leakage of polymethylmethacrylate as a late complication of the procedure.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 2007
Hypercapnia shortens emergence time from inhaled anesthesia in pigs.
Anesthetic clearance from the lungs and the circle rebreathing system can be maximized using hyperventilation and high fresh gas flows. However, the concomitant clearance of CO2 decreases PAco2, thereby decreasing cerebral blood flow and slowing the clearance of anesthetic from the brain. This study shows that in addition to hyperventilation, hypercapnia (CO2 infusion or rebreathing) is a significant factor in decreasing emergence time from inhaled anesthesia. ⋯ Hypercapnia, along with hyperventilation, may be used clinically to decrease emergence time from inhaled anesthesia. These time savings might reduce drug costs. In addition, higher PAco2 during emergence may enhance respiratory drive and airway protection after tracheal extubation.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 2007
Comparative StudyActivity of the serotonergic system during isoflurane anesthesia.
Microdialysis studies have demonstrated that the release of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in the serotonergic projection areas increases during waking and decreases during sleep in rat and cat, suggesting that 5-HT plays an important role in modulation of sleep. Although it might be expected that 5-HT release is also decreased during general anesthesia, the functional contribution of serotonergic neurons in pharmacological effects of volatile anesthetics has not been fully investigated. ⋯ It is suggested that a change in the activity of the serotonergic system in the brain is involved in the hypnotic action of isoflurane.