Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of dexmedetomidine-midazolam with propofol for maintenance of anesthesia in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.
Dexmedetomidine is an alpha(2) agonist that is currently being investigated for its suitability to provide anesthesia for children. We compared the pharmacodynamic responses to dexmedetomidine-midazolam and propofol in children anesthetized with sevoflurane undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ Dexmedetomidine-midazolam provides adequate anesthesia for MRI although recovery is prolonged when compared with propofol. Heart rate was slower and systolic blood pressure was greater with dexmedetomidine when compared with propofol. Respiratory indices were similar for the two treatments.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe transversus abdominis plane block provides effective postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy.
Patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy suffer significant postoperative pain. The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a recently described approach to providing analgesia to the anterior abdominal wall. We evaluated the analgesic efficacy of the TAP block in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy via a transverse lower abdominal wall incision, in a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. ⋯ The TAP block, as a component of a multimodal analgesic regimen, provided superior analgesia when compared to placebo block up to 48 postoperative hours after elective total abdominal hysterectomy.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe analgesic efficacy and safety of a novel intranasal morphine formulation (morphine plus chitosan), immediate release oral morphine, intravenous morphine, and placebo in a postsurgical dental pain model.
Opioids are standard treatment for postoperative pain. In this study, we compared the safety and efficacy of intranasal (i.n.) morphine to i.v. and oral morphine and placebo. ⋯ I.n. morphine offers a noninvasive alternative to i.v. morphine for postoperative analgesia.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2008
ReviewCongenital supravalvular aortic stenosis and sudden death associated with anesthesia: what's the mystery?
Patients with congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis and associated peripheral pulmonary artery stenoses, the majority of whom have Williams-Beuren syndrome, are inherently at risk for development of myocardial ischemia. This is particularly true in the setting of procedural sedation and anesthesia. ⋯ In this article, we review both the pathophysiology of congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis and the literature regarding sudden death in association with sedation and anesthesia. Recommendations as to preoperative assessment and management of these patients are made based on the best available evidence.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe safety and analgesic efficacy of intranasal ketorolac in patients with postoperative pain.
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of multiple doses of intranasal ketorolac tromethamine (ketorolac) for postoperative pain. ⋯ Thirty milligrams of intranasal ketorolac demonstrated significant analgesic efficacy compared to 10 mg of intranasal ketorolac and placebo.