Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2008
Clinical TrialContinuous infraclavicular brachial plexus block: a modified technique to better secure catheter position in infants and children.
The infraclavicular approach to the brachial plexus provides suitable anesthesia and also lends itself well to stabilizing and securing a catheter for a continuous infusion. We describe an approach for continuous infusions using an infraclavicular approach in children. ⋯ A modified technique for continuous infraclavicular brachial plexus block helps secure the catheter and provides effective intra- and postoperative pain relief in pediatric patients.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2008
The effectiveness of a simple novel approach on electroencephalograph instruction for anesthesiology residents.
The electroencephalogram (EEG) measures cerebral activity and, because of its use as an intraoperative monitor, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires EEG monitoring experience during anesthesiology residency. To improve the anesthesiology residents' education at the University of Kentucky, a new learning module was created in collaboration with a neurologist expert in EEGs. ⋯ This educational effort using the department of neurology expertise provided a significant improvement in EEG assessment tool scores.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2008
Case ReportsSubcutaneous cervical and facial emphysema with the use of the Bonfils fiberscope and high-flow oxygen insufflation.
We present a case in which use of the Bonfils retromolar intubation fiberscope resulted in cervical and facial subcutaneous emphysema. The patient was a 75-yr-old woman with Mallampati Grade I airway. The Bonfils retromolar intubation fiberscope was used for teaching purposes. ⋯ The patient was intubated conventionally and the emphysema resolved within 24 h. Subcutaneous emphysema after air insufflation is known from dental procedures with air entering through holes in the teeth. In our case, the oxygen insufflation was sufficient to create emphysema, probably through tiny mucosal lesions.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2008
The prolonged analgesic effect of epidural ropivacaine in a rat model of neuropathic pain.
In clinical practice, the analgesic effects of epidurally administered local anesthetics on chronic pain sometimes outlast the duration of drug action expected from their pharmacokinetics. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of this prolonged effect, we examined the effects of ropivacaine, a local anesthetic, on pain-related behavior in a rat model of neuropathic pain. We also analyzed changes in the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), which is involved in plasticity of the nociceptive circuit after nerve injury. ⋯ Repetitive administration of ropivacaine into the epidural space in CCI rats exerts an analgesic effect, possibly by inducing a plastic change in the nociceptive circuit.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2008
Preconditioning by isoflurane retains its protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in postinfarct remodeled rat hearts.
Postinfarct remodeling in the heart may affect protective signaling. We tested whether isoflurane preconditioning retains its protection in postinfarct remodeled hearts. ⋯ Myocardial preconditioning with isoflurane retains its protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in postinfarct remodeled rat hearts via similar signaling pathways, as previously reported in healthy hearts.