Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2008
Review Meta AnalysisDoes supplemental oxygen reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Studies on the ability of supplemental oxygen to decrease the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are inconsistent, with initial studies suggesting benefit while subsequent trials demonstrate no decrease in PONV. ⋯ The positive results of two initial studies reducing the risk for PONV in patients given 80% Fio(2) were not confirmed by any of the subsequent trials. Considering all available evidence, 80% Fio(2) should no longer be considered an effective or reliable method to reduce overall PONV.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPostoperative ketamine administration decreases morphine consumption in major abdominal surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study.
Ketamine decreases postoperative morphine consumption, but its optimal dosing and duration of administration remain unclear. In this study, we compared the effects of ketamine administration on morphine consumption limited to the intraoperative period, or continued for 48 h postoperatively. ⋯ Low-dose ketamine improved postoperative analgesia with a significant decrease of morphine consumption when its administration was continued for 48 h postoperatively, with a lower incidence of nausea and with no side effects of ketamine.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEpiaortic scanning modifies planned intraoperative surgical management but not cerebral embolic load during coronary artery bypass surgery.
Patients with aortic atheroma are at increased risk for neurological injury after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We sought to determine the role of epiaortic ultrasound scanning for reducing cerebral embolic load, and whether its use leads to changes of planned intraoperative surgical management in patients undergoing CABG surgery. ⋯ These results show that the use of EAS led to modifications in intraoperative surgical management in almost one-third of patients undergoing CABG surgery. The use of EAS did not lead to a reduced number of TCD-detected cerebral emboli before or during CPB.