Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2009
Comparative StudyThe effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the number of cerebral microemboli and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) can be a debilitating complication after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Cerebral microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are believed to be an important etiologic factor of POCD. In this study, we examined whether avoidance of CPB with "off-pump" surgery reduces the number of cerebral microemboli and the incidence of POCD after CABG surgery in Chinese population. ⋯ In Chinese population, avoidance of CPB during CABG surgery significantly decreased the number of cerebral microemboli, but it did not decrease the incidence of POCD at either 1 wk or 3 mo after CABG. Neither CPB nor cerebral microemboli was independently associated with the risk of POCD.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2009
Prevalence of malignant hyperthermia due to anesthesia in New York State, 2001-2005.
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic syndrome that variably expresses itself on exposure to triggering agents. MH prevalence in the United States is not well documented. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of MH in New York State hospitals. ⋯ The prevalence of MH due to anesthesia in surgical patients treated in New York State hospitals is approximately 1 per 100,000. MH risk in males is significantly higher than in females.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialStem cell-like human endothelial progenitors show enhanced colony-forming capacity after brief sevoflurane exposure: preconditioning of angiogenic cells by volatile anesthetics.
Endothelial progenitor cells play a pivotal role in tissue repair, and thus are used for cell replacement therapies in "regenerative medicine." We tested whether the anesthetic sevoflurane would modulate growth or mobilization of these angiogenic cells. ⋯ Sevoflurane preconditioning promotes growth and proliferation of stem cell-like human endothelial progenitors. Hence, it may be used to promote perioperative vascular healing and to support cell replacement therapies.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2009
Clinical TrialFractal cardiovascular dynamics and baroreflex sensitivity after stellate ganglion block.
It has been shown that stellate ganglion block can attenuate baroreflex sensitivity. Our primary purpose in this study was to determine whether fractal dynamics (dynamic change of self-similar fluctuation patterns) of not only heart rate but also systolic blood pressure variability are involved in attenuation of baroreflex sensitivity after stellate ganglion block. ⋯ Loss of complexity (status of being complex behavior) of both heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability, indicated by increased fractal slopes, is one mechanism in attenuating baroreflex sensitivity after stellate ganglion block.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2009
Licking decreases phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after a formalin test.
Nociceptive behaviors might attenuate pain sensation. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) was recently reported to be induced by noxious stimuli in dorsal horn neurons. We investigated, in a formalin test, whether pERK of the dorsal horn is affected by licking. ⋯ Licking decreased pERK of the spinal cord of the formalin test group. The findings suggested that licking attenuated the pain of the formalin test.