Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2011
Cardiac axis-oriented full-volume data acquisition in real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography to facilitate on-cart analysis.
We propose a useful method to acquire a full-volume dataset that allows for efficient assessment of cardiac structures by real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3DTEE). In our method, bicommissural full-volume acquisition, the dataset is acquired with the X-Y-Z axes aligned along the lines connecting the mitral commissures, the mitral annular center to the left ventricular apex, and the mitral anterior-posterior ends, respectively. The image dataset obtained using this method not only allows for visualization of en face images of the cardiac structures, but box cropping of the dataset also provides useful sectional images that are the analogues of the standard 2DTEE views. Our method can potentially standardize 3D image orientation of the cardiac structures and facilitate intraoperative on-cart analysis in real-time 3DTEE.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2011
Cannabidiol prevents the development of cold and mechanical allodynia in paclitaxel-treated female C57Bl6 mice.
The taxane chemotherapeutic paclitaxel frequently produces peripheral neuropathy in humans. Rodent models to investigate mechanisms and treatments are largely restricted to male rats, whereas female mouse studies are lacking. ⋯ Paclitaxel produced allodynia that was largely dose independent and more robust in female mice, and this effect was prevented by treatment with cannabidiol. Our preliminary findings therefore indicate that cannabidiol may prevent the development of paclitaxel-induced allodynia in mice and therefore be effective at preventing dose-limiting paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in humans.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2011
Bilateral total knee arthroplasty: risk factors for major morbidity and mortality.
Bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) performed during the same hospitalization carries increased risk for morbidity and mortality compared with the unilateral approach. However, no evidence-based stratifications to identify patients at risk for major morbidity and mortality are available. Our objective was to determine the incidence and patient-related risk factors for major morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing BTKA. ⋯ We identified patient-related risk factors for major morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing BTKA. Our data can be used to aid in the selection of patients for this procedure.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2011
Clinical TrialThe minimum effective anesthetic volume of 0.75% ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block.
The use of ultrasound to monitor needle placement and spread of local anesthetics (LA) has allowed reductions in the volume of LA required to anesthetize peripheral nerves. In the current study we investigated the minimal volume necessary to accomplish surgical anesthesia with interscalene brachial plexus block. ⋯ All patients in our study had successful surgical blocks with 5 mL of LA. However, the lower limit of the CI (calculated on the assumption of a single failure) does include the possibility of a 25% failure rate; thus studies using similar stopping rules for doses higher than 5 mL are nonetheless warranted.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2011
The intrathecally administered kappa-2 opioid agonist GR89696 and interleukin-10 attenuate bone cancer-induced pain through synergistic interaction.
Although bone cancer-related pain is one of the most disruptive symptoms in patients with advanced cancer, patients are often refractory to pharmacological treatments; thus, more effective treatments for bone cancer pain are needed. We evaluated the analgesic efficacy of and interaction between intrathecal GR89696, a κ(2)-opioid receptor agonist, and interleukin (IL)-10 in a rat model of bone cancer pain. ⋯ Intrathecally administered GR89696 and IL-10 attenuated bone cancer-induced pain, and the 2 drugs interacted synergistically in the spinal cord. These results raise the intriguing possibility of κ(2)-opioid receptor agonists and IL-10 as a new therapeutic approach for the management of bone cancer-associated pain.