Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2011
Comparative StudyAn uncalibrated pulse contour method to measure cardiac output during aortic counterpulsation.
Less-invasive monitoring systems, such as pulse contour methods, are increasingly being used to estimate cardiac output (CO). However, alterations in the arterial waveform caused by intraaortic balloon pump counterpulsation may affect the ability of pulse contour algorithms to determine CO. We investigated the reliability of an uncalibrated pulse contour method, the MostCare system, in patients with cardiac failure receiving intraaortic balloon pump counterpulsation by comparing its measurements of CO with those determined by an intermittent thermodilution method. ⋯ The MostCare system provided measurements of CO that were comparable to ThD-CO in patients assisted with an intraaortic balloon pump. The reliability of the MostCare system is not significantly affected by changes in arterial waveform morphology caused by inflation and deflation of the intraaortic balloon pump.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2011
Comparative StudyKnockdown of synaptic scaffolding protein Homer 1b/c attenuates secondary hyperalgesia induced by complete Freund's adjuvant in rats.
Previous studies have demonstrated that Homer 1b/c, a postsynaptic molecular scaffolding protein that binds and clusters metabotropic glutamate receptors at neuronal synapses, has an important role in the metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling process. In the current study, we investigated the possible involvement of Homer 1b/c in secondary hyperalgesia induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). ⋯ These novel results demonstrate that Homer 1b/c in the spinal cord contributes to the maintenance of secondary hyperalgesia induced by CFA and suggest that Homer 1b/c may be a novel target for pain therapy.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2011
Comparative StudyInhibition of KCC2 in mouse spinal cord neurons leads to hypersensitivity to thermal stimulation.
KCC2, a neuronal-specific K-Cl cotransporter, is involved in pain perception physiology through its effects on postsynaptic inhibition in spinal cord neurons. We injected a newly identified, highly potent and selective inhibitor of KCC2 (D4), an inactive structural variant (D4.14), and the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC1) inhibitor, bumetanide, into the intrathecal space of mice to measure their effect on heat-evoked nociceptive responses. ⋯ Inhibition of KCC2 by D4 led to decreased heat-evoked withdrawal latency in mice, as measured by hotplate and tail flick assays, whereas inhibition of NKCC1 by bumetanide resulted in increased response latencies to heat stimuli as measured by both of these nociceptive tests.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2011
Comparative StudyMolecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of clonidine on vascular adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels.
We investigated the effects of the imidazoline-derived α2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine on vascular adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel activity in rat vascular smooth muscle cells and recombinant vascular K(ATP) channels transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. ⋯ Clinically relevant concentrations of clonidine inhibit K(ATP) channel activity in vascular smooth muscle cells. This inhibition seems to be the result of its effect on the Kir6.0 subunit and not on the SUR subunit.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2011
Comparative StudyIsoflurane anesthesia preserves liver and lung mitochondrial oxidative capacity after gut ischemia-reperfusion.
Lung and liver dysfunction is involved in gut ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced multiple organ failure. We compared the effects of ketamine and isoflurane on liver and lung mitochondrial oxidative capacity after gut IR. ⋯ Isoflurane preserved liver and lung mitochondrial oxidative capacity after gut IR.