Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2012
Volumetric three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of the anatomy relevant for thoracic paravertebral block.
While ultrasound imaging of the thoracic paravertebral space in 2-dimensional (D) mode allows examination of the paravertebral anatomy in the transverse or sagittal axis, volumetric 3D ultrasound imaging provides multiplanar images in several orthogonal (perpendicular) planes and may provide additional anatomical information. In this imaging study we assessed the feasibility of 3D ultrasound imaging of the anatomical area relevant to the thoracic paravertebral block. ⋯ Volumetric 3D ultrasound imaging of the thoracic paravertebral space is feasible and provides more detailed spatial anatomical information than 2D ultrasound imaging.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialInhaled fentanyl aerosol in healthy volunteers: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Rapid delivery of potent opioid to the systemic circulation is an important feature for the effective treatment of acute and acute-on-chronic breakthrough pain. The delivery of different opioids by the pulmonary route has been inconsistent, usually resulting in low bioavailability of the drug. Staccato® Fentanyl for Inhalation is a handheld inhaler producing a single metered dose of aerosolized fentanyl during a single inspiration. The aerosol is of high purity (≥98%) at a particle size (1 to 3.5 microns) shown to be best for pulmonary absorption. ⋯ This study has demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic profile of single doses of inhaled fentanyl is comparable to IV administration.