Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2013
Volume-independent elastance: a useful parameter for open-lung positive end-expiratory pressure adjustment.
A decremental positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) trial after full lung recruitment allows for the adjustment of the lowest PEEP that prevents end-expiratory collapse (open-lung PEEP). For a tidal volume (Vt) approaching zero, the PEEP of minimum respiratory system elastance (PEEP(minErs)) is theoretically equal to the pressure at the mathematical inflection point (MIP) of the pressure-volume curve, and seems to correspond to the open-lung PEEP in a decremental PEEP trial. Nevertheless, the PEEP(minErs) is dependent on Vt and decreases as Vt increases. To circumvent this dependency, we proposed the use of a second-order model in which the volume-independent elastance (E1) is used to set open-lung PEEP. ⋯ PEEPminE1 better identifies the open-lung PEEP independently of the adjusted Vt, and may be a practical, more individualized approach for PEEP titration.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2013
Expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and pain-related behavior in rat models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Abnormalities in peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia are noticed in the early stage of experimentally provoked diabetic neuropathy. Enzyme calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) may have a modulating role in diabetic neuropathy because of its role in calcium homeostasis. ⋯ Our findings may indicate involvement of CaMKII in transmission of nociceptive input early in DM1, but not in DM2. CaMKII may be a suitable pharmacological target for diabetic neuropathy.