Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialPreparing Parents to Be Present for Their Child's Anesthesia Induction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of a brief preparation intervention for parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA preparation) with a PPIA with standard preparation (PPIA standard). ⋯ A brief, video-based intervention aimed at preparing parents to be present for their child's anesthesia induction was not successful in reducing the children's preoperative anxiety. However, it is unclear whether parents included in this study actually performed as instructed in the intervention to reduce their children's anxiety. Future research should monitor parent behavior and support parental performance to reduce their children's preoperative anxiety.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2015
A Multimodal Intervention Improves Post-Anesthesia Care Unit Handovers.
Failures of communication are a major contributor to perioperative adverse events. Transitions of care may be particularly vulnerable. We sought to improve postoperative handovers. ⋯ A multimodal intervention substantially improved interprofessional PACU handovers, including those by clinicians who had not undergone formal simulation training. An effect appeared to be present >3 years later.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2015
Contralateral Hyperalgesia from Injection of Endothelin-1 into the Ipsilateral Paw Requires Efferent Conduction into the Contralateral Paw.
Contralateral hyperalgesia, occurring after unilateral injury, is usually explained by central sensitization in spinal cord and brain. We previously reported that injection of endothelin-1 (ET-1) into one rat hindpaw induces prolonged mechanical and chemical sensitization of the contralateral hindpaw. Here, we examined the role of contralateral efferent activity in this process. ⋯ These results show that efferent transmission through the contralateral innervation into the paw is necessary for contralateral sensitization by ET-1, suggesting that the release of substances by distal nerve endings is involved. The release of substances in the periphery is essential for contralateral sensitization by ET-1 and may also contribute to secondary hyperalgesia, occurring at loci distant from the primary injury, that occurs after surgery or nerve damage.