Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 1994
Comparative StudyProlonged analgesia and decreased toxicity with liposomal morphine in a mouse model.
Inadequate control of postoperative pain remains a major clinical problem. A reliable method of providing long-lasting postoperative analgesia with a single dose would be very useful. We synthesized a liposomal morphine formulation and compared it to free morphine with regard to duration of analgesia in the mouse. ⋯ In vitro experiments showed a slow release rate of morphine from the liposome depot. Prolonged analgesia and decreased systemic toxicity for liposomal morphine are explained by sustained release of morphine from the liposomal depot. These results suggest that liposomal narcotic formulations may provide prolonged analgesia with single-dose administration.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 1994
Comparative StudyComparison of the force required for dural puncture with different spinal needles and subsequent leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.
An in vitro model was used to determine the force required to pierce bovine dura with a range of new spinal needles and to measure the subsequent leakage rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A significantly greater force was required to pierce the dura with pencil-point style needles compared to Quincke needles of the same size. ⋯ The results suggest that there is not likely to be a significant reduction in postdural puncture headache (PDPH) using a 27-gauge pencil-point needle compared to a 25-gauge needle that may be easier to use. Different makes of the same design and gauge of needle showed significant differences in the amount of CSF leakage, which may influence the clinician's choice of needle.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 1994
Comment Letter Case ReportsFurther applications for EMLA cream.