Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 1989
Historical ArticleFifty-eight years ago in Anesthesia & Analgesia. B. Bolliger, K. Maddox: Experimental anesthesia with tri-bromethyl alcohol (Avertin) and sodium iso-amyl-ethyl-barbiturate (Amytal). Current Researches in Anesthesia and Analgesia: 1931; 10:112-115.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 1989
Needle direction affects the sensory level of spinal anesthesia.
The effect of the direction of the spinal needle on the sensory level of anesthesia was investigated. Three ml plain bupivacaine 0.5%, previously equilibrated to 37 degrees C, were injected intrathecally in two groups of twenty patients, who were kept sitting for three minutes after injection. ⋯ The differences between segmental levels of sensory loss between groups 1 and 2 (T 3.4 and T 5.1, respectively) and of temperature loss (T 2.6 and T 4.2, respectively) 30 minutes after injection of bupivacaine were statistically significant. It is concluded that a steep paramedian approach of the subarachnoid space with an angle of less than 50 degrees results in a cephalad spread averaging about 1.6 segments greater than when the needle is in the perpendicular position.
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The effects of general and regional anesthesia on neonates after cesarean section have been studied mainly on elective cases. In this paper we studied infants delivered by elective and nonelective cesarean section at the Winnipeg Women's Hospital from 1975 to 1983 (n = 3940) to determine the effect of anesthetic technique on neonatal outcomes. A trained anesthesia nurse interviewed all parturients and reviewed their antepartum, labor and delivery, and anesthesia records. ⋯ Among neonates delivered after elective section, general anesthesia was associated with a higher incidence of low Apgar scores at 1 minute. In neonates delivered by nonelective section, general anesthesia was associated with higher rates of low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes as well as greater requirements for intubation and artificial ventilation. There were no differences seen in neonatal death rates with general and regional anesthesia in the three groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 1989
Aging: effects on minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) for halothane in Fischer-344 rats.
It is well-established that the anesthetic requirement (MAC) of volatile agents such as halothane is reduced in elderly patients. The current project was designed to determine whether a similar alteration in anesthetic requirement occurs in Fischer-344 (F-344) rats, an animal model often utilized in physiology and pharmacology to examine aging-related changes. ⋯ MAC was reduced approximately 17% in aged (25 months) versus young adult (5 months) animals. From these data, it is concluded that the F-344 rat may be an adequate model for examination of age-dependent alterations in the actions of volatile anesthetics.