The Annals of thoracic surgery
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Diffuse pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is characterized by a diffuse hypertrophy of neuroendocrine cells along the distal bronchioles. This condition is characterized by obstructive lung physiology and the development of small carcinoid tumors. ⋯ Interestingly, the chest wall also demonstrated involvement of DIPNECH indicated by the presence of small carcinoid tumors. The absence of any lung carcinoid tumor greater than 5 mm and the absence of lymph node metastases render the chest wall involvement unlikely to represent metastatic disease.
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Comparative Study Biography Historical Article
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery.
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Historical Article
Education above and beyond: innovative STS educational initiatives.