Epilepsia
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Effects of MRI-positive (MRI(+)) as compared to MRI-negative (MRI(-)) temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) on face memory are not yet known. ⋯ Our results suggest that a delayed recognition condition might be superior to immediate recognition tests in detecting face memory deficits in MRI(-) RTLE patients. This might explain why former studies in preoperative patients did not observe an immediate face recognition dominance of the right temporal lobe when combining MRI(-) and MRI(+) TLE patients. Our data further point to an important role of the right mesial temporal region in face recognition in TLE.
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Comparative Study
Do children with benign rolandic epilepsy have a higher prevalence of migraine than those with other partial epilepsies or nonepilepsy controls?
Prior studies have given conflicting data concerning the association of benign rolandic epilepsy of childhood (BREC) and migraine but were limited by lack of sensitive, diagnostic criteria for childhood migraine. By using revised International Headache Society (IHS-R) criteria, we compared the prevalence of migraine in children with BREC with that of those (a) with cryptogenic/symptomatic partial epilepsy and (b) without epilepsy. ⋯ Partial epilepsy, regardless of etiology, is associated with higher rates of migraine in children. The pathophysiologic link between epilepsy and migraine is unknown.
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Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a highly heterogeneous clinical condition that is understudied in the pediatric population. ⋯ The majority of our patients with NCSE had preceding seizures in the acute setting prior to the diagnosis of NCSE, though most of these seizures were brief, isolated convulsions (12 patients) rather than CSE (five patients). Prolonged EEG monitoring to exclude NCSE may be warranted in pediatric patients even after brief convulsive seizures. Prompt recognition and treatment may be necessary to improve neurological outcome.
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Comparative Study
Foramen ovale electrodes can identify a focal seizure onset when surface EEG fails in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
We analyze a series of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) associated with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) submitted to presurgical investigation with scalp sphenoidal, followed by foramen ovale electrodes (FO), and, when necessary, with depth temporal electrodes. We sought to evaluate the clinical utility of FO in patients with MTLE-HS. ⋯ In MTLE-HS, FO is a reliable method for lateralization of seizures that are not clearly recorded by surface EEGs.
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Comparative Study
Language lateralization in temporal lobe epilepsy: a comparison between fMRI and the Wada Test.
Recent studies have claimed that language functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can identify language lateralization in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and that fMRI-based findings are highly concordant with the conventional assessment procedure of speech dominance, the intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT). ⋯ These data provide evidence that language fMRI as used in the present study has limited correlation with the IAT, especially in patients with lTLE and with mixed speech dominance. Further refinements regarding the paradigms and analysis procedures will be needed to improve the contribution of language fMRI for presurgical assessment.