Military medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Randomized Trial of Mentored vs Nonmentored Military Medics Compared in the Application of a Wound Clamp Without Prior Training: When to Shut Up and Just Watch!
Hemorrhage control is a basic task required of first responders and typically requires technical interventions during stressful circumstances. Remote telementoring (RTM) utilizes information technology to guide inexperienced providers, but when this is useful remains undefined. ⋯ Thirty-three medics participated (16 mentored and 17 nonmentored). All (100%) successfully applies the WC to arrest the simulated hemorrhage. RTM significantly slowed hemorrhage control (P = 0.000) between the mentored (40.4 ± 12.0 seconds) and nonmentored (15.2 ± 10.3 seconds) groups. On posttask questionnaire, all medics subjectively rated the difficulty of the wound clamping as 1.7/10 (10 being extremely hard). Discussion: WC application appeared to be an easily acquired technique that was effective in controlling simulated extremity exsanguination, such that RTM while feasible did not improve outcomes. Limitations were the lack of true stress and using simulation for the task. Future research should focus on determining when RTM is useful and when it is not required.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Helping High School-Aged Military Dependents With Autism Gain Employment Through Project SEARCH + ASD Supports.
Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face high rates of unemployment, with unique challenges for military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD. This paper reports preliminary findings from Year One of a randomized waitlist controlled trial investigating the efficacy of the Project SEARCH + ASD Supports (PS + ASD) intervention model for military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD. ⋯ Initial results are promising and suggest that the PS + ASD model may help to meet the transition needs of military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD and the employment needs of local military communities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Development of a Videoconference-Adapted Version of the Community Diabetes Prevention Program, and Comparison of Weight Loss With In-Person Program Delivery.
Effective, standardized, and easily accessible weight management programs are urgently needed for military beneficiaries. Videoconference interventions have the potential for widespread scaling, and can provide both real time interaction and flexibility in delivery times regardless of location, but there is little information on their effectiveness and acceptability. ⋯ This study describes the first videoconference adaption of the GLB program for use in military families. Attrition was lower in the videoconference group, and there were a similar levels of weight loss in both groups regardless of delivery modality. Videoconference weight loss interventions are effective and feasible for scaling to support healthy weight management in military as well as civilian populations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Self-Managed Strength Training for Active Duty Military With a Knee Injury: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.
Knee injuries among active duty military are one of the most frequent musculoskeletal injuries and are often caused by exercise or intense physical activity or combat training. These injuries pose a threat to force readiness. Our objective was to assess feasibility (including recruitment and retention rates) of three self-managed strengthening strategies for knee injuries and determine if they resulted in improvements in lower extremity strength, function, pain, and activity compared to usual physical therapy (PT) in military members. ⋯ Knee extensor strength improvements in the COMBO group were significantly higher compared to usual PT. Pain, functional measures, and ADLS all improved during the study with no group differences. Further research is required to confirm these findings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Infant Feeding Practices, Workplace Breastfeeding/Lactation Practices, and Perception of Unit/Service Support Among Primiparous Active Duty Servicewomen.
Successful breastfeeding provides multiple health benefits to Servicewomen and their infants and has positive indirect benefits to the military. Workplace lactation support influences breastfeeding continuation after a Servicewoman's return to work. ⋯ While almost half of the respondents were still breastfeeding and planned to continue 5-6 months postpartum and the majority of respondents felt "mostly" or "very" supported in their breastfeeding by their unit and the Army, comprehensive physical support for lactation in the workplace was inconsistent. This study provides feedback to inform ongoing implementation of the existing Army breastfeeding support directive.