Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffectiveness of a multifactorial intervention program to reduce falls incidence among community-living older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention program to prevent falls among older adults as compared with a brief intervention. ⋯ Although the reduction of falls in the IG was nearly halved, and after the intervention there was a significant reduction in the number of falls at these patients' homes, the multifactorial intervention program is no more effective than the brief intervention to reduce the overall risk of falls.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEvidence of detraining after 12-week home-based exercise programs designed to reduce fall-risk factors in older people recently discharged from hospital.
To measure the extent to which improved sensorimotor function and balance resulting from a 12-week exercise intervention were retained 12 weeks after exercise cessation in older adults recently discharged from hospital. ⋯ Balance improvements and fall-risk reductions associated with a 12-week home-based exercise program in older adults were partially to totally lost 12 weeks after the cessation of the intervention. These significant detraining effects suggest that sustained adherence to falls prevention exercise programs is required to reduce fall risk.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of a multifactorial falls prevention program for people with stroke returning home after rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether a multifactorial falls prevention program reduces falls in people with stroke at risk of recurrent falls and whether this program leads to improvements in gait, balance, strength, and fall-related efficacy. ⋯ This multifactorial falls prevention program was not effective in reducing falls in people with stroke who are at risk of falls nor was it more effective than usual care in improving gait, balance, and strength in people with stroke. Further research is required to identify effective interventions for this high-risk group.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of topical anesthetics on needle insertion pain during botulinum toxin type A injections for limb spasticity.
To compare pain perception using 3 anesthetics (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics [EMLA], vapocoolant spray, and ice) compared with a control (no anesthetic) during botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections for lower limb spasticity. ⋯ Pain relief offered by EMLA and ice was comparable, suggesting that ice is a more convenient option because of brief application time (compared with EMLA). Spray may have made the patients more sensitive to pain and alternative approaches for using vapocoolant should be considered.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialBenefits of exercise maintenance after traumatic brain injury.
To examine the effect of exercise intervention on exercise maintenance, depression, quality of life, and mental health at 6 months for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) with at least mild depression. ⋯ Exercise may contribute to improvement in mood and quality of life for people with TBI and should be considered as part of the approach to depression treatment.