Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2018
Multicenter Study Observational StudyEmployment Stability in Veterans and Service Members With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Veterans Administration Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.
To examine incidence and predictors of employment stability in veterans and military service members with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who return to work. ⋯ A number of unique factors affect employment stability in veterans and military service members with TBI. Study findings identify veterans and military service members who have stable employment and predictors of employment stability.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2017
Multicenter StudyCharacteristics of Firearm Brain Injury Survivors in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Database: A Comparison of Assault and Self-Inflicted Injury Survivors.
To characterize and compare subgroups of survivors with assault-related versus self-inflicted traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) via firearms at the time of inpatient rehabilitation and at 1-, 2-, and 5-year follow-up. ⋯ These findings have implications for prevention (eg, mental health programming and access to firearms in targeted areas) and for rehabilitation planning (eg, by incorporating training with coping strategies and implementation of addictions-related services) for firearm-related TBI, based on subtype of injury.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyLong-Term Effects of Repeated Injections of Local Anesthetic With or Without Corticosteroid for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Randomized Trial.
To determine the overall long-term effectiveness of treatment with epidural corticosteroid injections for lumbar central spinal stenosis and the effect of repeat injections, including crossover injections, on outcomes through 12 months. ⋯ For lumbar spinal stenosis symptoms, epidural injections of corticosteroid plus lidocaine offered no benefits from 6 weeks to 12 months beyond that of injections of lidocaine alone in terms of self-reported pain and function or reduction in use of opioids and spine surgery. In patients with improved pain and function 6 weeks after initial injection, these outcomes were maintained at 12 months. However, the trajectories of pain and function outcomes after 3 weeks did not differ by injectate type. Repeated injections of either type offered no additional long-term benefit if injections in the first 6 weeks did not improve pain.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jun 2017
Multicenter Study Observational StudyPrevalence and Effect of Problematic Spasticity After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.
To evaluate the prevalence and effect of spasticity after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Spasticity is a highly prevalent secondary consequence of SCI, particularly in patients with severe motor incomplete cervicothoracic injuries. It is problematic in one third of all patients with SCI up to 5 years postinjury. One in 5 patients will have ongoing functional limitations related to spasticity, highlighting the importance of close community follow-up and the need for further research into spasticity management strategies.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Mar 2017
Multicenter StudyUltrasonographic Measures of the Acromiohumeral Distance and Supraspinatus Tendon Thickness in Manual Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury.
(1) To evaluate the reliability of ultrasonographic measures of the acromiohumeral distance (AHD) in shoulder positions linked to wheelchair propulsion in manual wheelchair users (MWUs) with spinal cord injury (SCI) and able-bodied individuals; (2) to compare ultrasonographic measures of AHD, supraspinatus tendon thickness, and occupation ratio between MWUs with SCI with and without shoulder pain (rotator cuff [RC] tendinopathy); and (3) to compare these ultrasonographic measures between MWUs with SCI and able-bodied individuals. ⋯ Ultrasonography is a reliable technology to evaluate AHD in MWUs in shoulder positions linked to wheelchair propulsion. Supraspinatus tendon thickness and occupation ratio of AHD adequately discriminate between MWUs with SCI and able-bodied individuals. This shows that these ultrasonographic measures can be used in future studies of populations with SCI to better understand the changes at the shoulder joint in MWUs.