Jornal de pediatria
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Jornal de pediatria · Nov 2011
Review Comparative StudyIsotonic saline solution as maintenance intravenous fluid therapy to prevent acquired hyponatremia in hospitalized children.
This review aims to evaluate if the use of hypotonic saline solutions as maintenance intravenous fluid therapy in hospitalized children increases the risk of hyponatremia, if the administration of isotonic fluids is able to protect against acquired hyponatremia and if the isotonic solutions increase the risks of deleterious effects such as hypernatremia or fluid overload. ⋯ The evidence found indicates that the traditional recommendation of Holliday and Segar to use maintenance fluid therapy for sick and hospitalized children deserves to be reconsidered due to the adverse effects found to arise from it, apart from the better results obtained by using isotonic solutions.
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Jornal de pediatria · Nov 2011
Staff workload and adverse events during mechanical ventilation in neonatal intensive care units.
To investigate a possible association between the intensity of staff workload and intermediate adverse events, such as accidental extubation, obstruction of the endotracheal tube, and accidental disconnection of the ventilator circuit, during neonatal mechanical ventilation in high-risk neonatal units. ⋯ The workload of NICU professionals seems to interfere with the intermediate results of neonatal care and thus should be taken into consideration when evaluating NICU outcomes.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2011
Evaluation of rapid sequence intubation in the pediatric emergency department.
To describe the experience of the emergency department of a pediatric hospital with rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and to identify the factors associated with successful intubation. ⋯ RSI is the method of choice for tracheal intubations performed in the emergency department (80%). In spite of the low success rate (39%) in the present study, RSI has proven to be a safe method, with a low incidence of severe complications. The success of tracheal intubation using RSI seems to be directly related to the preparation of the procedure and the health professional's experience. Thus, we conclude that further training of resident physicians and health professionals working in the emergency department is required.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2011
Admission hyperglycemia is a reliable outcome predictor in children with severe traumatic brain injury.
To identify the relationship between admission hyperglycemia and outcome in children with severe brain injury at hospital discharge and 6 months later. ⋯ Hyperglycemia could be considered as a marker of brain injury and, when present upon admission, could reflect extensive brain damage, frequently associated with mortality and bad outcome. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of strict glycemic control on mortality and outcomes.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2011
ReviewDevelopmental outcomes and quality of life in children born preterm at preschool- and school-age.
To review literature published in the last 5 years on the effects of premature birth on the development and quality of life of preschool- and school-age children. ⋯ Children born extremely premature (≤ 30 weeks' gestational age) are vulnerable to developmental and quality of life problems.