European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2023
ReviewExternal stenting for saphenous vein grafts in coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis.
Autologous saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) are the most commonly used bypass conduits in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with multivessel coronary artery disease. Although external support devices for SVGs have shown promising outcomes, the overall efficacy and safety remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate external stenting for SVGs in CABG versus non-stented SVGs. ⋯ External support devices for SVGs significantly reduced the intimal hyperplasia area and thickness, and improved the lumen uniformity, assessed with the Fitzgibbon I classification. Meanwhile, they did not increase the overall SVG failure rate.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2023
ReviewPerformance of different rapid antigen testing strategies for SARS-CoV-2: A living rapid review.
Rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) for SARS-CoV-2 testing offer several advantages over molecular tests, but there is little evidence supporting an ideal testing algorithm. We aimed to examine the diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) and the effectiveness of different RADT SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies. ⋯ Additional high-quality research is needed to confirm our findings; all studies were judged to be at risk of bias, with significant heterogeneity in sensitivity estimates. Evaluations of testing algorithms in real-world settings are recommended, especially for transmission and incidence outcomes.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2023
ReviewEfficacy and safety of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-6 pathway in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis.
The NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-6 pathway plays a key role in mediating inflammatory responses after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the clinical benefits of inhibiting this pathway in STEMI are uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-6 pathway in STEMI patients. ⋯ There is still no large-scale RCT evidence on the efficacy and safety of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-6 pathway for the treatment of STEMI. Preliminary results from the available RCTs suggest colchicine and anakinra may respectively reduce the risks of recurrent MI and new-onset or worsening HF. The available RCTs in this meta-analysis lack power to determine any differences on mortality.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2023
Metabolic mitochondrial alterations prevail in the female rat heart 8 weeks after exercise cessation.
The consumption of high-caloric diets strongly contributes to the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Exercise (along with diet intervention) is one of the primary non-pharmacological approaches to promote a healthier lifestyle and counteract the rampant prevalence of NCDs. The present study evaluated the effects of exercise cessation after a short period training on the cardiac metabolic and mitochondrial function of female rats. ⋯ Endurance exercise modulated cardiac redox balance and mitochondrial efficiency in female rats fed a HFHS diet. These findings suggest that exercise may elicit cardiac adaptations crucial for its role as a non-pharmacological intervention for individuals at risk of developing NCDs.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2023
Liver fibrosis is associated with an increased risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction.
Liver fibrosis is a risk factor for liver-related adverse outcomes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently, the non-invasive Hepamet fibrosis score (HFS) has been validated as a tool capable to identify with good diagnostic accuracy subjects with advanced liver fibrosis. It is unsettled whether HFS is capable to identify individuals at higher risk of CVD. To investigate whether individuals with liver fibrosis measured with HFS have higher risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in adults participating in the CATAnzaro MEtabolic RIsk factors (CATAMERI) study. ⋯ In this cross-sectional study, individuals with higher values of HFS show a higher risk of MI, suggesting that HFS may be a useful tool to identify not only individuals with liver fibrosis but also those at the increased risk of CVD.