European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2023
EditorialDoes natural and hybrid immunity obviate the need for frequent vaccine boosters against SARS-CoV-2 in the endemic phase?
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has entered its endemic phase and we observe significantly declining infection fatality rates due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On this background, it is crucial but challenging to define current and future vaccine policy in a population with a high immunity against SARS-CoV-2 conferred by previous infections and/or vaccinations. ⋯ More evidence from randomized controlled trials and continuously accumulating national health data is required to inform shared decision-making with people who consider vaccination options. Vaccine policy makers should cautiously weight what vaccination schedules are needed, and refrain from urging frequent vaccine boosters unless supported by sufficient evidence.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2023
Meta AnalysisHelicobacter pylori infection and PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.
High expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has been related to good response to immunotherapy patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, the influence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection on PD-L1 expression in GC remains unknown. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between HP infection and PD-L1 expression in GC. ⋯ Helicobacter pylori infection in GC patients is associated with tumour expression of PD-L1, suggesting HP infection may be a predictor of good response to immunotherapy in GC.