Lancet
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Case Reports
Fever and multisystem organ failure associated with 17D-204 yellow fever vaccination: a report of four cases.
In 1998, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was notified of three patients who developed severe illnesses days after yellow fever vaccination. A similar case occurred in 1996. All four patients were more than 63 years old. ⋯ The clinical features, their temporal association with vaccination, recovery of vaccine-related virus, antibody responses, and immunohistochemical assay collectively suggest a possible causal relation between the illnesses and yellow fever vaccination. Yellow fever remains an important cause of illness and death in South America and Africa; hence, vaccination should be maintained until the frequency of these events is quantified.
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Case Reports
Serious adverse events associated with yellow fever 17DD vaccine in Brazil: a report of two cases.
The yellow fever vaccine is regarded as one of the safest attenuated virus vaccines, with few side-effects or adverse events. We report the occurrence of two fatal cases of haemorrhagic fever associated with yellow fever 17DD substrain vaccine in Brazil. ⋯ These serious and hitherto unknown complications of yellow fever vaccination are extremely rare, but the safety of yellow fever 17DD vaccine needs to be reviewed. Host factors, probably idiosyncratic reactions, might have had a substantial contributed to the unexpected outcome.
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Bacteria that adhere to implanted medical devices or damaged tissue can encase themselves in a hydrated matrix of polysaccharide and protein, and form a slimy layer known as a biofilm. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in the biofilm mode of growth contributes to the chronicity of infections such as those associated with implanted medical devices. ⋯ In biofilms, resistance seems to depend on multicellular strategies. We summarise the features of biofilm infections, review emerging mechanisms of resistance, and discuss potential therapies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of low-dose mobile versus traditional epidural techniques on mode of delivery: a randomised controlled trial.
Low-concentration bupivacaine epidurals for labor analgesia result in a lower-incidence of instrumental delivery than 'traditional' high-dose bupivacaine epidurals.
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