Lancet
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial.
The anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab reduced disease activity in a phase 2 trial of previously untreated patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of first-line alemtuzumab compared with interferon beta 1a in a phase 3 trial. ⋯ Genzyme (Sanofi) and Bayer Schering Pharma.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial.
The anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab reduces disease activity in previously untreated patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab compared with interferon beta 1a in patients who have relapsed despite first-line treatment. ⋯ Genzyme (Sanofi) and Bayer Schering Pharma.
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Heparins are widely used for prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic diseases. Besides bleeding complications, heparin-induced skin lesions are the most frequent unwanted adverse effects of subcutaneous heparin treatment. Evidence suggests that these lesions are more common than previously thought. ⋯ Early recognition and adequate treatment are highly important, because although both complications initially show a similar clinical picture, their treatment should be fundamentally different. Furthermore, risk factors associated with the patient, drug, and treatment regimen have been identified. We review the clinical range of heparin-induced skin lesions, emphasise evidence and controversies in epidemiology, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis, and discuss the management of patients with these skin lesions.