Lancet
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The contemporary associations of type 2 diabetes with a wide range of incident cardiovascular diseases have not been compared. Previous studies have focussed on myocardial infarction and stroke, and these conditions are the usual outcomes chosen in clinical trials in type 2 diabetes, but other diseases such as heart failure and angina are also major causes of morbidity in diabetes. We aimed to study associations between type 2 diabetes and 12 initial manifestations of cardiovascular disease. ⋯ Wellcome Trust, National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council.
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Glycogen phosphorylase is a key enzyme in the regulation of glycogen metabolism and consists of three isoenzymes, including glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB (GPBB). Pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants are complications in about 15% of all nulliparous pregnancies. Biomarkers for these adverse pregnancy outcomes remain elusive. GPBB has been proposed as a potential biomarker for the detection of these adverse outcomes. We aimed to investigate this hypothesis. ⋯ National Institute for Health Research, SCOPE Study was funded by the Health Research Board. This work was performed in the Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research and partly supported by Science Foundation Ireland.
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In Bihar state, India, the cure rate of antimonial compounds (eg, sodium stibogluconate) in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has fallen from more than 85% to less than 50%. This reduction has been attributed to long-term, widespread misuse of antimonial drugs within the Indian private health-care system. We aimed to test the hypothesis that exposure to arsenic in drinking water in this region has resulted in antimony-resistant Leishmania parasites. ⋯ Wellcome Trust.
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Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) predict increased disease activity and disability in patients with inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, the absence of these antibodies does not confer universally good prognosis. Recently, a new set of antibodies, anti-carbamylated (anti-CarP) antibodies, have been identified in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study aimed to investigate the association between anti-CarP antibodies, disability, and disease activity in these patients. ⋯ Arthritis Research UK.
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Somatic activating mutations in PIK3CA, which encodes the p110α catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) are frequently found in cancers and have been identified in a spectrum of mosaic overgrowth disorders ranging from isolated digit enlargement to more extensive overgrowth of the body, brain, or vasculature. We aimed to study affected dermal fibroblasts with a view to inform therapeutic studies, and to observe cancer-associated mutations in isolation. ⋯ Wellcome Trust, Sackler Fund, National Instititute for Health Research.