Lancet
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Outcome reporting in bariatric surgery needs uniformity. A core outcome set is an agreed minimum set of outcomes reported in all studies of a particular condition, but members of the bariatric multidisciplinary team might value outcomes differently. The aim of this study was to summarise existing outcome reporting in bariatric surgery, to inform the development of a core outcome set, and to compare outcomes selected as important by type of health professional. ⋯ National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), and the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme. This work was also undertaken with the support of the MRC ConDuCT-II Hub (Collaboration and innovation for Difficult and Complex randomised controlled Trials In Invasive procedures, MR/K025643/1).
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The mechanisms that determine whether the heart adapts to overload stress, or fails, are poorly understood. NADPH oxidase (NOX) proteins produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in redox signalling, and our recent studies have found that an increase in Nox4 during pressure overload protects the heart against failure. We aimed to identify novel Nox4-driven cardioprotective mechanisms that promote adaptive cardiac remodelling. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation.
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HIV/AIDS is the largest global public health problem; about 76 million people have been infected with HIV and 36 million people have already died. Existing antiviral treatment is successful but requires lifelong adherence and mostly targets viral factors. The virus mutates and evades both drugs and the human immune response. Cellular factors are potential therapeutic targets against HIV because the virus must conserve domains that interact with these cellular factors. Unlike many viruses HIV does not encode any helicases but it has been shown to use cellular DDX3. We screened the family of DEAD box helicases to seek other members as possible drug targets. ⋯ Wellcome Trust.
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We have previously shown that patients with endometrial carcinoma express elevated concentrations of the endocannabinoid, anandamide (AEA), in both their plasma and their endometrial tissue and that the endometrial carcinoma cell line, Ishikawa, contains the receptors to which AEA binds. Several studies have reported that human and rodent cancer cell lines die in response to high AEA concentrations. The incidence of endometrial carcinoma continues to escalate and, although surgical treatment has improved, morbidity and mortality rates have not. A move towards a novel non-surgical therapeutic option is thus required, and the endocannabinoid system provides a good candidate target. We aimed to investigate the effects of AEA on the survival and proliferation of an endometrial carcinoma cell model. ⋯ University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust.
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Colorectal cancer is the fourth commonest cancer in the UK, and the second commonest cause of cancer-related death. A knowledge of the biological phenotype of colorectal liver metastases would be invaluable to inform clinical decision making; however, deriving this information from the metastatic lesions is not feasible until after resection. We aimed to use proteomic analysis to identify biomarkers in the primary tumour that predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in liver metastases. ⋯ Cancer Research UK.