Lancet
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Road traffic impacts human health through air pollution and road safety issues. Low emission zones (LEZs) and congestion charging zones (CCZs) have therefore been implemented in several cities globally. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the effects of these pollution or congestion reduction schemes on specific physical health outcomes associated with air pollution or traffic exposure. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research, NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, MRC Centre for Environment and Health.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Peer Education Project to improve mental health literacy in secondary school students in England: a qualitative realist evaluation.
Worsening of adolescent mental health and exacerbated health inequalities after the COVID-19 pandemic calls for universal preventative strategies. The Mental Health Foundation's school-based Peer Education Project seeks to improve students' mental health literacy through peer educators (aged 14-18 years) teaching peer learners (aged 11-13 years) to recognise good and bad mental health, identify risk and protective factors, and seek help accordingly. Although previous before and after quantitative assessments have found the intervention to be effective, this realist evaluation aimed to qualitatively develop the theory of change, exploring how the mechanisms played out in different contexts to achieve the desired outcomes. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research.
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Adolescent dating and relationship violence (DRV) is widespread and associated with increased risk of subsequent poor mental health outcomes and partner violence in adulthood. Shifting social norms could be important for reducing DRV. We aimed to map and evaluate measures of social norms concerning DRV and gender reported in DRV research. ⋯ US Agency for International Development (agreement number AID-OAA-A-15-00042).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluating the Change4Life Food Scanner app in reducing children's sugar intake: a randomised pilot and feasibility study.
The Change4Life Food Scanner app displays nutritional information using visual images alongside traffic light labels. The app's effectiveness for improving dietary choices is unknown. This study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of evaluating the effectiveness of the Food Scanner app in reducing children's sugar intake in the UK. ⋯ Wellcome Trust.
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Cross-sectional studies have suggested an association between the use of social media and depression and anxiety in young people. We examined the longitudinal relationship between social media use and young people's mental health, and the role of self-esteem and social connectedness as potential mediators. ⋯ UK National Institute for Health Research School for Public Health Research (grant reference PD-SPH-2015). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Institute for Health Research or the UK Department of Health and Social Care.