Lancet
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Effect of topically applied T4 endonuclease V in liposomes on skin cancer in xeroderma pigmentosum: a randomised study. Xeroderma Pigmentosum Study Group.
In patients with xeroderma pigmentosum the frequency of all forms of skin cancer is higher than in the general population, owing to a genetic defect in DNA repair. The bacterial DNA repair enzyme, T4 endonuclease V, delivered intracellularly, increases the rate of repair of sunlight-induced DNA damage in human cells. We tested the ability of this enzyme in a liposomal delivery vehicle applied topically (T4N5 liposome lotion) to lower the rate of new skin cancers in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum. ⋯ DNA damage has an important role in the development of skin cancer and precancerous skin lesions. The topical application of DNA repair enzymes to sun-damaged skin of patients with xeroderma pigmentosum lowered the rate of development of two forms of these lesions during a year of treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial.
High LDL-cholesterol is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. We aimed to determine whether aggressive cholesterol lowering with statins was more effective than conventional statin treatment in this disease. We investigated the effect of high-dose atorvastatin on carotid atherosclerosis progression. ⋯ Our results show that aggressive LDL-cholesterol reduction by atorvastatin was accompanied by regression of carotid intima media thickness in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia, whereas conventional LDL lowering was not.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Bone-targeted therapy for advanced androgen-independent carcinoma of the prostate: a randomised phase II trial.
Prostate carcinoma is linked to osteoblastic metastasis. We therefore investigated the value of bone-targeted consolidation therapy in selected patients with advanced androgen-independent carcinoma of the prostate. ⋯ Bone-targeted consolidation therapy consisting of one dose of Sr-89 plus doxorubicin once a week for 6 weeks, when given to patients with stable or responding advanced androgen-independent carcinoma of the prostate after induction chemotherapy, improved overall survival.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group.
Low-dose dopamine is commonly administered to critically ill patients in the belief that it reduces the risk of renal failure by increasing renal blood flow. However, these effects have not been established in a large randomised controlled trial, and use of dopamine remains controversial. We have done a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of low-dose dopamine in patients with at least two criteria for the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and clinical evidence of early renal dysfunction (oliguria or increase in serum creatinine concentration). ⋯ Administration of low-dose dopamine by continuous intravenous infusion to critically ill patients at risk of renal failure does not confer clinically significant protection from renal dysfunction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Effects of an interleukin-5 blocking monoclonal antibody on eosinophils, airway hyper-responsiveness, and the late asthmatic response.
Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is essential for the formation of eosinophils, which are thought to have a major role in the pathogenesis of asthma and other allergic diseases. We aimed to assess the effects of monoclonal antibody to IL-5 on blood and sputum eosinophils, airway hyper-responsiveness, and the late asthmatic reaction to inhaled allergen in patients with mild asthma. ⋯ A single dose of monoclonal antibody to IL-5 decreased blood eosinophils for up to 16 weeks and sputum eosinophils at 4 weeks, which has considerable therapeutic potential for asthma and allergy. However, our findings question the role of eosinophils in mediating the late asthmatic response and causing airway hyper-responsiveness.