Medicine
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Observational Study
Incidence of branching patterns variations of the arch in aortic dissection in Chinese patients.
Several authors have described anatomic variations of the aortic arch in 13% to 20% of the patients who do not have aortic disease. However, few studies have evaluated these patterns in the thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). In the authors' knowledge, this is the first survey that specifically investigates the frequency of these variations in a broad, nonselected group of Chinese patients with aortic dissection. ⋯ The bovine arch was considered the variant pattern of the major frequency in the patients with TAD and the control group. The anatomical variant of 4 branches, defined as vertebral artery of direct origin of the aortic arch, was more frequent in patients with Stanford B aortic dissection than in the patients with Stanford A. This finding might show an association between the geometry of the aortic arch and the site of onset of first intimal tear of dissection.
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Laparoscopic gastrectomy with D2 lymph node (LN) dissection has not yet been widely adopted for advanced gastric cancer because it is technically complicated. Due to the high suprapancreatic lymph nodes metastasis rate (LMR) and the various vascular anatomies, the suprapancreatic LN dissection is a crucial and demanding procedure for radical resection of gastric cancer. To explore the anatomical basis of the proximal splenic artery (SA) approach for laparoscopic suprapancreatic LN dissection and its application in advanced gastric cancer. ⋯ The No. 11p LMR was lower than the Nos. 9, 7, 8a, 5, and 12a LMR (P < 0.01, each). Compared with the conventional approach, the proximal SA approach was associated with less blood loss (P < 0.05), significantly more retrieved total LNs and suprapancreatic LNs (P < 0.01, each). The proximal SA exhibits the most constant and maximum diameter, is located closer to the suprapancreatic border, and exhibits the lowest LMR; therefore, the proximal SA approach is the ideal approach for laparoscopic suprapancreatic LN dissection in advanced gastric cancer.
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High hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with and without diabetes. However, information regarding the relationship between low HbA1c levels and the risk of CVD among people without known diabetes is limited. The aim of this large-scale, prospective, population-based cohort study was to clarify the association between HbA1c levels and CVD risk among people without known diabetes. ⋯ In addition, the hazard ratio for CVD was 1.81 (1.43-2.29) in patients with known diabetes compared with participants with HbA1c levels of 5.0 to 5.4% and without known diabetes. This nonlinear relation persisted after excluding people with kidney dysfunction, liver dysfunction, anemia, body mass index <18.5 kg/m, or early events within 3 years of follow-up (P value for nonlinear trend: <0.01 for all tests). In conclusion, both low and high levels of HbA1c were associated with a higher risk of CVD in a Japanese general population without known diabetes.
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Colorectal neoplasm (CRN) and coronary heart disease (CHD) share common risk factors. We aimed to assess the risk for CRN in patients who are at high risk for developing CHD determined by measurements, which are independent from the risk factors for CRN. This study was conducted on individuals who underwent total colonoscopic examination and were without history of CHD. ⋯ An increased CIMT, a decreased FMD, and an intermediate FRS were significantly associated with the risk for the presence of overall-CRN (OR: 3.607, OR: 1.866 and OR: 2.889, respectively). The risk for CRN increases as the risk for developing CHD increases. It can be suggested that screening for CRN can be recommended for individuals who are at high risk for developing CHD.
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Interest is growing in radiotherapy to nonuniformly boost radioresistant regions within nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using molecular imaging techniques. The complexity of tumor behavior is beyond the ability of any single radiotracer to reveal. We hold dual tracer positron emission tomography-computer tomography (PET/CT) imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and fluorodeoxythymidine (FLT) for NSCLC patients to offer an integrated overlook of tumor biological behaviors quantitatively and localizationally, which may help biological target volume delineation and subvolume boost. ⋯ Dual tracer PET/CT of FDG and FLT is suggested for NSCLC patients to guide tumor target delineation in clinical practice. FDG PET/CT is necessary whereas FLT PET/CT may be optional when guiding tumor target delineation clinically. Additional information from randomized trials is required to validate.