Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dorsal Penile Nerve Block With Ropivacaine-Reduced Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort in Male Patients After Emergence of General Anesthesia: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study.
Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is a distressing symptom complex after surgery, especially in male patients who have had urinary catheterization under general anesthesia. In this prospective, randomized, controlled trial, we compared dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) with 0.33% ropivacaine with intravenous tramadol 1.5 mg kg(-1) in prevention of CRBD, as well as the incidences of postoperative side effects. Fifty-eight male patients aged 18 to 50 years, undergoing elective liver surgery and limb surgery with urinary catheterization, were enrolled and divided randomly into 2 groups. ⋯ The acceptance of urinary catheterization was 93.1% (27/29 patients) in the DPNB group and 58.6% (17/29 patients) in the TRAM group, respectively (P < 0.001). DPNB with ropivacaine has a better effect for CRBD reduction and less side effects than intravenous tramadol administration. The trial has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01721031).
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Review Meta Analysis
The Adverse Events of Oxycodone in Cancer-Related Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
The adverse events (AEs) of oxycodone in cancer-related pain were controversial, so we conducted a meta-analysis to determine it. PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, WanFang database, The Cochrane library, Web of Science, and the reference of included studies were searched to recognize pertinent studies. Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all AEs were all extracted. ⋯ The subgroup analysis shown that Ox controlled-release (CR) had less sleepiness compared with MS-contin (Mc) CR (RR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25-0.90, P = 0.02). The power analysis suggests that all AEs have low statistical power. The present meta-analysis detected that no statistically significant difference were found among oxycodone and other opioids in all AEs, but Ox CR may had less sleepiness compared with Mc CR when subgroup analysis were conducted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Removal of Laryngeal Mask Airway in Adults Under Target-Controlled, Propofol-Fentanyl Infusion Anesthesia: Awake or Deep Anesthesia?
After emergence from anesthesia, the incidence and severity of adverse airway effects caused by the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) can vary, depending on when the device was removed; nonetheless, reports differ regarding the exact optimal timing of LMA removal. The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of adverse events between 2 groups: those whose LMA was removed under general anesthesia ("deep" group) or under target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol ("awake" group). Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent were obtained; 124 patients were then randomly allocated into either the "awake" group or the "deep" group. ⋯ The failure rate was higher in the "awake" group (15/61; 24.6%) than in the "deep" group (5/60; 8.3%). Airway hyperreactivity was mild (score, <3) in both groups. Removal of the LMA under deep anesthesia using a target-controlled, effect-site propofol concentration of 2 μg/mL may be safer and more successful than removal when patients are fully awake after surgery.
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Review Meta Analysis
Meta-Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Interferon Combined With Dacarbazine Versus Dacarbazine Alone in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma.
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of interferon (IFN) combined with dacarbazine (DTIC) (experimental group) versus DTIC alone (control group) in cutaneous malignant melanoma. After searching all available databases, eligible articles were identified and subjected to quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3; combined relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for survival rates, response rates, and adverse events. ⋯ Compared with DTIC alone, IFN combined with DTIC significantly increased the overall response rate (RR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.21-2.08, P = 0.0008),the complete response rate (RR = 3.30, 95% CI 1.89-5.76, P < 0.0001), 2-year survival (RR = 1.59, 95% CI 0.99-2.54, P = 0.050) grade ≥3 hematologic toxicity (RR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.32-4.02, P = 0.003), neurotoxicity (RR = 18.15, 95% CI 5.34-61.74, P < 0.00001), and flu-like symptoms (RR = 6.31, 95% CI 1.95-20.39, P = 0.002). The partial response rate, grade ≥3 nausea and vomiting, treatment-related, and 1- and 3-year survival were not significantly different between IFN combined with DTIC and DTIC alone. IFN combined with DTIC may moderately improve the complete response rate, but increases the incidence of adverse events and has no significant effect on 1- and 3-year survival in cutaneous malignant melanoma.
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Observational Study
Neurosarcoidosis in a Tertiary Referral Center: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, diagnostic strategy, and treatment in patients with neurosarcoidosis in a tertiary referral centre. In a cross-sectional study, we included all patients with neurosarcoidosis treated at our tertiary referral center between September 2014 and April 2015. We identified 52 patients, among them 1 patient was categorized as having definite neurosarcoidosis, 37 probable neurosarcoidosis, and 14 possible neurosarcoidosis. ⋯ The majority of patients with neurosarcoidosis present with chronic meningitis without a history of systemic sarcoidosis. The diagnosis can be difficult to make because of the poor sensitivity of most diagnostic tests. Half of patients had a satisfactory reduction of symptoms on first-line therapy.