Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Which is your choice for prolonging the analgesic duration of single-shot interscalene brachial blocks for arthroscopic shoulder surgery? intravenous dexamethasone 5 mg vs. perineural dexamethasone 5 mg randomized, controlled, clinical trial.
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intravenous (I. V.) dexamethasone with that of perineural dexamethasone on the prolongation of analgesic duration of single-shot interscalene brachial plexus blocks (SISB) in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery. We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ⋯ There were no significant differences in side effects, neurological symptoms, or changes in blood glucose values between the 2 groups. Our results show that perineural dexamethasone 5 mg is more effective than I. V. dexamethasone 5 mg with regard to analgesic duration of SISB for arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Is obesity a predisposing factor for free flap failure and complications? Comparison between breast and nonbreast reconstruction: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Obesity is a risk factor for postoperative morbidity in breast reconstruction. Although existing studies about nonbreast reconstruction are limited, previous research has demonstrated that obesity is not an important factor in poor outcomes in nonbreast reconstruction. Our study evaluates the effects of obesity on postoperative morbidity in nonbreast reconstruction in comparison to breast reconstruction. ⋯ In contrast, partial flap loss, total flap loss, and complications in nonbreast reconstruction were not significantly different in obese patients in comparison to nonobese patients (OR = 0.786, P = 0.629 for partial loss, OR = 0.960, P = 0.961 for total loss, and OR = 1.009, P = 0.536 for complications). In contrast to the relationship between obesity and poor outcomes in breast reconstruction, our study suggests the obesity is not a predisposing factor for poor outcomes in nonbreast reconstruction. Long-term studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation for V2/V3 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia: effect of treatment temperatures on long-term clinical outcomes: A Cohort Study.
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) is widely used to treat trigeminal neuralgia (TN); however, the optimal temperature at which RFT is most efficacious remains under much debate. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the lowest temperature at which morbidity could be minimized and patient outcomes maximized. A multivariate analysis was used to study 1354 patients who underwent computed tomography (CT)-guided RFT for V2/V3 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN) during from June 2006 to May 2015. ⋯ SF-36 scores showed highest HRQoL in the group treated at 68°C, followed by the 65 and 62°C groups, respectively. Our results demonstrate that 68°C is a good choice for RFT of V2/V3 ITN. The alternative option is 65 or 62°C for RFT to minimize the occurrence of complications including facial numbness, yet which often yields a higher recurrence rate.
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Review Meta Analysis
Five-Year Long-Term Prognosis of Epileptic Children After Hemispheric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
To estimate children's long-term seizure outcomes after hemispheric surgery and the associated predictors. A systematic review of 4 databases and a meta-analysis were performed from January 1, 1995 to August 31, 2015. The databases included PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, and Web of Science; patients were classified into the Engel Class I group and the Engel Class II to IV group, according to their seizure outcomes. ⋯ The abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were more predictive for positive seizure outcomes than the normal findings (odds ratio [OR] = 4.60, 95% CI: 1.27-16.62, P = 0.02). Following hemispheric surgery, the long-term prognosis of children with epilepsy was good. Late seizure onset (age ≥ 3.6 months) and abnormal MRI findings were positive predictors for long-term seizure control in children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Optimal effect-site concentration of remifentanil for preventing cough during removal of the double-lumen endotracheal tube from sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia: A prospective clinical trial.
Opioids are used as a treatment for coughing. Recent studies have reported an antitussive effect of remifentanil during recovery from general anesthesia by suppressed coughing. The coughing reflex may differ throughout the respiratory tract from the larynx to the bronchi. ⋯ No patients suffered respiratory complications during the emergence period. Remifentanil can be a safe and reliable method of cough prevention during emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia after thoracic surgery requiring DLT. EC50 and EC95 of remifentanil that suppresses coughing is 1.670 and 2.275 ng/mL, respectively.