Medicine
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In this study, the molecular mechanisms underlying malignant transformation from oral lichen planus (OLP) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were examined. ⋯ Keratinization and MHC class I antigen processing and presentation were activated during the malignant transformation from OLP to OSCC. Additionally, the olfactory transduction pathway may be important for OSCC.
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Observational Study
Long-term follow-up of elite controllers: Higher risk of complications with HCV coinfection, no association with HIV disease progression.
To estimate the effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection on the development of complications and progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease among HIV-infected elite controllers. Single-center retrospective cohort. Kaplan-Meier methods, prevalence ratios, and Cox proportional-hazards models were used. ⋯ HCV coinfection was not associated with loss of elite controller status. Taken together, this suggests that HCV coinfection does not directly affect HIV replication dynamics or natural history, but that it may act synergistically with HIV to produce a greater number of associated complications. Continued follow-up will be needed to determine whether HCV cure through the use of direct-acting antivirals among HIV/HCV coinfected elite controllers will make the risk for complications among these patients similar to their HIV mono-infected counterparts.
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Case Reports
Traumatic open depressed cranial fracture causing occlusion of posterior superior sagittal sinus: Case report.
The superior sagittal sinus (SSS) is the major dural sinuses that receive a considerable amount of venous drainage. Interruption of its posterior third has been suggested to cause intracranial hypertension and lead to potentially fatal consequences. ⋯ The favorable clinical outcome after complete occlusion of the posterior third of the SSS has rarely been reported and it might be explained by our timely surgical intervention and development of compensatory cerebral collateral circulation.
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Observational Study
Application of anterior debridement and reconstruction with anatomical screw-plate fixation for lumbosacral tuberculosis: A 2-year-plus follow-up.
This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of anterior debridement and reconstruction with anatomical screw-plate fixation in patients with lumbosacral junction tuberculosis (TB). A total of 48 patients (30 males and 18 females) diagnosed with lumbosacral junction TB were included in this study. All patients underwent surgery in our institution from January 2008 to July 2014, using anterior debridement and reconstruction with anatomical screw-plate. ⋯ Neurological performance and VAS scores were significantly improved compared with pre-operation (P < .05). Following standard anti-TB chemotherapy, anterior debridement and reconstruction with anatomical screw-plate fixation may be a feasible and effective therapeutical option for lumbosacral junction TB. This procedure can result in satisfactory bone fusion and deformity correction, and effectively restore lumbosacral junction stability.
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Observational Study
Improvement in mortality at a National Burn Centre since 2000: Was it the result of increased resources?
The aim of this study was to find out whether the charging costs (calculated using interventional burn score) increased as mortality decreased. During the last 2 decades, mortality has declined significantly in the Linköping Burn Centre. The burn score that we use has been validated as a measure of workload and is used to calculate the charging costs of each burned patient. ⋯ Regression analysis showed that risk-adjusted mortality decreased (odds ratio 0.42, P = .02), whereas the adjusted burn score did not change (P = .14, model R 0.86). Mortality decreased but there was no increase in the daily use of resources as measured by the interventional burn score. The data suggest that the improvements in quality obtained have been achieved within present routines for care of patients (multidisciplinary/orientated to patients' safety).