Medicine
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Tracheobronchial fistulas are rare complications in lung cancer patients. These lesions are associated with a high rate of mortality caused by infection and bleeding, and there is no consensus on a definitive optimal therapy. ⋯ Immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy involving nivolumab therapy might be a useful alternative for the treatment of lung cancer involving a tracheobronchial fistula.
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Case Reports
Antegrade approach for closure of distal and torturous congenital coronary artery fistula: A case report.
Coronary artery fistulae (CAF) are uncommon heart lesions, but they are the most frequent significant hemodynamic congenital coronary anomaly. Transcatheter closure is an alternative treatment and a variety of techniques and devices were reported to use for the closure of congenital coronary fistulae. ⋯ The antegrade approach is a feasible method for closing CAF if torturous vessels are noted and fistulae occur at the distal portion of the coronary artery. A large randomized study or case series are needed to investigate the comparison of antegrade and retrograde method for the closure of CAF.
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in adults of working age. Although existing systematic reviews of the prevalence of DR for mainland China have been reported, but several studies have been newly reported. Further some potential factors for DR are still discrepant and inconclusive. The aim of current research is to identify relevant literature regarding the prevalence of DR and DR-related factors in mainland China. In addition, we will project the number of individuals affected with DR in mainland China in years 2030 and 2050. ⋯ The study will give an explicit evidence to provide preventative measures of DR.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018094565.
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Graft-derived-cell-free DNA (Gcf-DNA) in plasma was a promising biomarker to monitor graft-rejection after liver transplantation. However, little is known about the application of Gcf-DNA in living-donor-liver-transplantation (LDLT). ⋯ Applying Gcf-DNA to monitor graft injury in LDLT is promising, but still long term follow-up and more samples are needed for validation.
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Lactococcus lactis and Pediococcus pentosaceus are rare pathogens which rarely caused infections in humans. Several cases with L. lactis endocarditis have been reported in the literature, among them few were caused by L. lactis subsp. Lactis. Opportunistic P. pentosaceus infections were rarely reported. ⋯ Our patient had a long-period of antibiotic treatment with strategy alterations. Standard interpretation criteria of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for L. lactis should be established, and molecular tests will increase the identification rate of L. lactis infections.