Medicine
-
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by multiple enteroviruses (EVs) in China. To better define the etiologic agents and clinical characteristics of HFMD, we conducted this study in Yunnan, China. In this study, 1280 stool specimens were collected from pediatric patients hospitalized for treatment of HFMD in 2010. ⋯ Of the 26 critical cases, 13 were caused by EV71, 9 by CA16, 2 by CA4, and 1 each were the result of CA10 and E9, respectively. All EV71, CA16, CA10, and CA4 isolates were highly homologous to the strains isolated from mainland China, and belonged to the C4a, B1a, G, and C genotypes, respectively. Our study showed that EV71 and CA16 were the main causative agents for severe and critical HFMD, but other serotypes can also cause severe and critical cases.
-
Lung cancer is one of the most important diseases threatening human health, and targeted therapy has become the main research direction. This work, therefore, aimed to develop cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) and octa-arginine (R8) peptide-modified ergosterol (ERG)-combined cisplatin (diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) [DDP]) liposomes (LIP) as a drug delivery system. ⋯ The results showed that LIP uptake by A549 cells was mainly by the clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway (chlorpromazine). The results also suggest that RGD/R8-DDP/ERG-LIP might be a promising drug delivery system to improve antilung cancer drug effect and tumor-targeting in vitro.
-
To provide a basis for disease prevention, this article aimed to clarify the incidence and risk factors of traumatic fractures in China. The China National Fracture Study (CNFS) was a retrospective epidemiological study that recruited a nationally representative sample from 8 provinces, 24 urban cities, and 24 rural counties in China using stratified random sampling and the probability proportional to size method. A total of 512,187 individuals were involved in CNFS. ⋯ Four independent risk factors for traumatic spinal fractures were found, including aging, alcohol drinking, sleeping <7 hours per day, and having a previous fracture history. The current study provides detailed information about the national incidence of traumatic spinal fractures, distribution, and risk factors. Aging, alcohol drinking, sleeping <7 hours per day, and having a previous fracture history were the independent risk factors for traumatic spinal fractures in China.
-
No official spirometry reference values for Chinese are available. To establish new Chinese reference values and prediction equations for lung parameters in Chinese individuals of 10 to 81 years of age. Pulmonary functions were measured according to the American Thoracic Society criteria in 1457 subjects from the Zhejiang coastal province (China). ⋯ The relationship between height and lung function parameters was nonlinear, with the variance of lung function parameters increasing with increasing height. For each sex, the z scores differed significantly by BMI (P < .001). This study provides spirometry equations that can be used for Chinese individuals.
-
Apatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that selectively inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. A weighted pooled analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical outcome, efficacy, and toxicity of apatinib in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that failed prior treatment with chemotherapy or epidermal growth factor receptor-TKIs (EGFR-TKIs). ⋯ Apatinib has promising antitumor activity and manageable toxicity profile in patients with advanced NSCLC that failed prior chemotherapy or EGFR-TKIs. This result needs to be confirmed through the ongoing Phase III clinical trial.