Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on intraocular pressure and optic nerve sheath diameter in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: A randomized, clinical trial.
There has been no study of the effect of post end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intraocular or intracranial pressure during pneumoperitoneum with steep Trendelenburg positioning. We investigated the effects of 5 cmH2O of PEEP on intraocular pressure and optic nerve sheath diameter as a surrogate for intracranial pressure in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. ⋯ Applying 5 cmH2O of PEEP did not increase intraocular pressure or optic nerve sheath diameter during pneumoperitoneum with steep Trendelenburg positioning in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. These results suggest that low PEEP can be safely applied during surgery with pneumoperitoneum and steep Trendelenburg positioning in patients without preexisting eye disease and brain pathology.
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Numerous studies have reported the efficacy of fenofibrate for patients with diabetic retinopathy (DRP). No systematic review has, however, addressed its efficacy for DRP. Thus, this systematic review will firstly evaluate the efficacy and safety of fenofibrate for patients with DRP. ⋯ PROSPERO CRD42019121869.
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High blood pressure (HBP) is a multifactorial clinical condition, with a high morbidity and mortality rate and low rates of control. Due to its high prevalence, it is necessary to search for methods which aim to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients. Studies have shown that low level laser therapy (LLLT) is capable of inducing a photobiological response within the cells which modifies the micro and macrovascular response; this accompanies evidence showing the systemic effects of intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB). In the hypothesis that the use of LLLT can influence blood pressure levels, and perhaps facilitate adherence to treatment, this study aims to present a clinical research protocol with the goal of determining the effect of photobiomodulation in relation to changes in the hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive and normotensive patients. ⋯ The treatment of HBP involves both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy. Animal studies with photobiomodulation have previously shown hypotensive effects. Gaps in the literature exist regarding the applicability of this nonpharmacological therapy in humans. This study aims to consider the possibility of offering nonpharmacological therapy to hypertensive patients with the goal of increasing adherence to the treatment as well as minimizing morbidity and mortality caused by hypertension.
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Dry eye (DE) is a common type of ocular surface disease that affects many people. Moxibustion has been widely used in China to treat ocular surface diseases, especially DE. Many clinical trials have demonstrated that moxibustion can increase the tear secretion quantity and improve tear film stability. The purpose of this review is to provide an objective and normative systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment in patients with DE. ⋯ PROSPERO CRD42018097399.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impacts of cognitive-behavioral intervention on anxiety and depression among social science education students: A randomized controlled trial.
Anxiety is a common disorder which refers to a significant and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations. This study investigated the impacts of cognitive-behavioral intervention on anxiety and depression among undergraduate students enrolled in social science education programs at public universities in the Southeast Nigeria. ⋯ We concluded that cognitive-behavioral intervention was a successful intervention which decreased the symptoms of anxiety and depression in social science education students who participated in the study. Additional studies are recommended to further corroborate the influence of cognitive-behavioral intervention in the reduction of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the Nigerian undergraduate student population.