Medicine
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Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is defined as a clinical entity originated from trauma or other conditions, and remains challenging to diagnose and treat effectively. The review was aim to present the controversy in diagnosing, treating ACS. It was found that there was no criterion about the ACS, and result unnecessary osteotomy. The presence of clinical assessment (5P) always means the necrosis of muscles and was the most serious or irreversible stage of ACS. Besides pressure methods, the threshold of pressure identifying ACS was also controversial. ⋯ For those crushing and soft tissue injuries, the current evidence based strategies for managing patients was useful, but for those fracture related injury, more examination was necessary to avoid overtreatment especially for those patients with blister observed. In facing patients, medical history, injured mechanism should be paid special attention, and rigorous classification about traumatic etiology was the key for the treatment of these patients.
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This study was performed to systematically review the efficacy of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection combined with steroids in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis. ⋯ The results of this meta-analysis from current evidence showed that compared with conventional treatment, S miltiorrhiza injection combined with steroid could significantly improve the maximal mouth opening and the subjective symptom burning sensation as well as decrease the oral mucosal lesion area without increasing adverse effects.
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Review Case Reports
Different patterns of electroencephalography during hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A case report.
Electroencephalographic (EEG) changes are frequently observed not only by epileptic seizures but also by metabolic encephalopathies. The EEG changes during hypoglycemia are known as mixed frequency theta to delta activity with higher amplitude than the initial background rhythm. Although there are many reports about hypoglycemia induced EEG changes, few studies of hypoglycemic EEG patterns have been evaluated between arousal and sleep stage. ⋯ The EEG presentation of hypoglycemia involves low frequency and increased amplitude of delta-theta activity. As the previous studies, we observed medium amplitude semi-rhythmic theta slowing EEG findings on both hemispheres during arousal, indicating hypoglycemia. However, it was stabilized during sleep as background frequency increased and medium amplitude of slowing disappeared. Although there are many reports about hypoglycemia induced EEG changes, few studies of hypoglycemic EEG patterns have been evaluated between arousal and sleep stage. We report a case of different EEG patterns between arousal and sleep stage during hypoglycemia.
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Review Case Reports
Pulmonary tuberculosis mimicking radiation pneumonitis in a patient with neck malignancy: A case report.
Primary or reactivation pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is frequent in immunocompromised patients such as those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, chronic renal failure, poorly controlled diabetes, and hematologic malignancy. Immune system of patients with solid-organ cancer can be also altered by malignancy itself or chemotherapy. However, information on the effect of radiation on patient's immunity is scarce. Herein, we present a case of pulmonary TB occurring in a radiation field that mimics focal radiation pneumonitis in a patient who has received curative chemoradiation therapy for neck malignancy. We also performed literature review to understand the impact of radiation therapy on patients' immunity. ⋯ A suspicion of pulmonary TB should be given to patients with new infiltrates in radiation port due to impact of radiation therapy on local infection barriers and patients' immune system.
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The Ladybird Homeobox 1 (LBX1) gene has been implicated in the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The association between LBX1 gene polymorphisms and AIS has been investigated in several studies. However, these findings have yield contradictory results rather than conclusive evidence. ⋯ For stratified analyses by ethnicity and sex, robust significant associations were detected in Asian and Caucasian populations, and in women and men under all genetic models. T allele of rs11190870 and G alleles of rs625039 and rs11598564 represent risk factors for AIS, but G allele of rs678741 may play a protective role in the occurrence of AIS. Further research is needed to confirm this finding and to understand its implications.