Medicine
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Meta Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis of fall incidence and risk factors in elderly patients after total joint arthroplasty.
Falls in the elderly have become a serious social problem worldwide. Approximately a third of persons fall at least once in the year after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), but preventing and treating falls is still challenging in clinical practice. Until now, no formal systematic review or meta-analysis was performed to summarize the risk factors of falls after TJA. The present study aimed to quantitatively and comprehensively conclude the risk factors of falls after TJA in elderly patients. ⋯ Related prophylaxis strategies should be implemented in elderly patients involved with above-mentioned risk factors to prevent falls after TJA.
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Review Case Reports
Coexistence of craniopharyngioma and meningioma: Two rare cases and literature review.
Most of the craniopharyngioma is considered to derive from residual epithelial cells during the craniopharyngeal canal degeneration. Meningioma accounting for the primary intracranial neoplasm is considered to be mainly derived from cells of arachnoid granulations. Nevertheless, rare cases show coexistence of craniopharyngioma and meningioma. ⋯ In this case study, we presented 2 patients with coexistence of craniopharyngioma and meningioma. In addition, a complete literature review was carried out to illustrate the studies on coexistence of craniopharyngioma and meningioma. Meanwhile, we tried to explain the possible mechanisms for such condition.
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Observational Study
Different impacts of various tocolytic agents on increased risk of postoperative hemorrhage in preterm labor women undergoing Cesarean delivery: A population-based cohort study.
Tocolytic agents, commonly used for inhibiting preterm labor, pose the risk of uterine atony, leading to postpartum hemorrhage. This study elucidated the effects of different tocolytic agents on postoperative hemorrhage among women in preterm labor undergoing Cesarean delivery (CD). Data from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were analyzed. ⋯ Ritodrine was the most frequently used tocolytic agent (80.5%), followed by combination therapy (using more than one tocolytic agents) (8.5%), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4, 4.6%), calcium channel blockers (3.8%), betamimetics other than ritodrine (1.9%), prostaglandin synthase inhibitors (0.5%), and nitrates (0.1%). Barring those using calcium channel blockers and combination therapy, the use of MgSO4 (aHR: 1.43, P = .001), betamimetics other than ritodrine (aHR: 1.71, P < .001), prostaglandin synthase inhibitors (aHR: 2.67, P < .001) and nitrates (aHR: 3.30, P = .001) was associated with higher risks of postoperative hemorrhage compared with ritodrine. In conclusion, CD women with preterm labor diagnosis using tocolytic agents exhibit an increased risk of postoperative hemorrhage and that this risk varies with the use of different tocolytic agents.
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Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is an uncommon neurological disorder with autoimmune features. Here, we report a 60-year-old man with SPS associated with critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP). CIP was diagnosed during an episode of acute respiratory failure secondary to muscular rigidity and spasms, which has rarely been reported in this condition. The overlapping of CIP and SPS complicated the case. ⋯ We report this special case to address the varied clinical features of SPS. Electrophysiological testing is an important diagnostic approach. Accurate recognition of the disease ensures that the patients can be given appropriate treatment without delay.
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Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is considered to be involved in the physiopathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and female infertility. Previous studies investigating the association between PAI-14G/5G (rs1799889) gene polymorphism and the risk of AD, MetS, and female infertility have reported inconsistent results. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible associations. ⋯ The present meta-analysis suggested that the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism might be associated with the risk of MetS, but no evidence was detected for AD and female infertility.