Medicine
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Case Reports
An unexplained fetal intracranial hemorrhage with extensive and multifocal hemorrhagic lesions: A case report.
Fetal intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is an extremely rare complication of pregnancy, with subsequent neurological sequelae or fetal death. The diagnosis of fetal ICH is primarily based on ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. ⋯ Medically unexplained massive fetal ICH may cause an unfavorable prognosis, and prompt termination of pregnancy is appropriate, although there is no consensus on the optimal mode of delivery.
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This study aims to compare the differences between obstructed and unobstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) using echocardiography, and to evaluate the clinical and echocardiographic parameters associated with pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO). We conducted a retrospective study of 70 patients with TAPVC between 2014 and 2019. The morphologic and hemodynamic echocardiographic parameters of patients were observed and measured, and the parameters between obstructed and unobstructed TAPVC were compared. ⋯ Patients with TAPVC had a high incidence of PVO. The presence of PVO can affect the size of atrial septal defect and the closure of the ductus arteriosus, cause significant changes in PA Vmax, peak E velocity of mitral valve, left ventricular fractional shortening, left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, lead to earlier symptoms and earlier first diagnosis age. The first diagnosis age and PA Vmax were excellent values since they associated with PVO.
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Observational Study
One-year efficacy of tenofovir alafenamide in patients with chronic hepatitis B: An observational study.
Non-inferior antiviral efficacy and better renal safety have been reported in chronic hepatitis B patients with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) treatment. The experience in real-world clinical practice is limited. We aimed to explore the efficacy after 1-year TAF treatment. ⋯ Significant changes were observed in creatinine (mean increase 0.03 mg/dL, P = .011) and eGFR (mean decrease 2.6 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .004) after 1-year TAF treatment. One-year TAF treatment came to good virological response, modest ALT normalization rate and significant HBsAg decline. The observation of significant changes in eGFR warranted further studies.
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In recent years, many countries around the world have been threatened by COVs. The aim of this study was to better grasp developments and trends in research on coronavirus around the world and to promote theoretical research into their prevention and control. ⋯ Coronavirus, which occurs all over the world, often causes huge casualties and economic losses, and poses a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of the social and economic system. Objective literature review and analysis can help scholars in related fields to deepen their overall understanding. And, there are several key issues that should be further explored in future research.
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Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have symptoms of a gut microbiota disorder with abnormal amino acid and glycolipid metabolism. This study was designed to analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with NAFLD, predict the gut microbiota phenotype, explore its role in the diagnosis of NAFLD, and establish its significance in disease progression. The characteristics of the gut microbiota in NAFLD patients (n = 28, 45.8 ± 14.2 years, male/female = 18/10) and healthy subjects (n = 20, 49.6 ± 4.8 years, male/female = 14/6) during March-May 2020 were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology and the phenotypes with large differences were predicted using the Tax4Fun method. ⋯ Phenotypic prediction showed that there were significant differences in the phenotypes of amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism of gut microbiota in the NAFLD group (P < .05). receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that combination of Bacteroides and the BF ratio resulted in 88% and 100% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, when used for NAFLD diagnosis. Metabolomics and bioinformatics analysis revealed changes in the metabolism of nicotinate, nicotinamide, and pyrimidine; signaling pathways of calcium and oxytocin; pancreatic secretion with metabolites such as uracil, xanthine, and biliverdin; and enzymes such as xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase (P < .05). Therefore, the phenotypic changes may be a potential marker for NAFLD and we considered that a combined analysis of Bacteroides and BF ratio had good diagnostic accuracy for NAFLD.