Medicine
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Excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) is a form of dynamic central airway obstruction, with characteristic of excessive dynamic invagination of airway posterior wall membrane and structurally intact airway cartilage. We report a rare case of EDAC with a marked positional component. ⋯ Dyspnea may present as a diagnostic challenge, and it is rarely accompanied with a positional component. EDAC is an uncommon cause of dyspnea. This case illustrates the possible role of bronchoscopy and dynamic CT in dynamic evaluation of airway.
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A retrospective study comparing traction, dead-hang, and side-bending radiographs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis to compare the effectiveness of dead-hang radiography in structural and nonstructural curves and evaluate it in terms of postoperative correction prediction. In the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, flexibility radiographs have an important role in determining fusion levels and in surgical decision-making. Supine bending radiographs are presently considered the gold standard, but their reliability, reproducibility, and standardization along with traction films, are a subject of debate. ⋯ Dead-hang radiograph is superior to traction. In MT curves > 60°, dead hang shows greater flexibility than side-bending. Dead-hang technique, which shows equal results with side-bending except in TL/L curves < 50°, is a successful flexibility radiograph and provides predictive value for nonstructural curves in terms of postoperative correction.
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There is a need to consider the geographical origins when studying the association between COVID-19 and the comorbid conditions. To examine the role of inflammation in determining the severity of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients with diabetes and compare these roles with those who does not have diabetes. A cross sectional comparative design was used with a convenience sample of 352 patients. ⋯ However, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil count, and age were the significant predictors of the severity level of COVID-19 among patients with diabetes. In conclusion, our study addressed the influence of having diabetes among hospitalized patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 infection. The results showed that severity of COVID-19 infection was affected by diabetes where those with diabetes had more tendency to suffer from the severe form of the disease rather that the moderate level.
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This study explores the evolution of online learning research in the context of medical education during and following the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to understand the principal focus areas, and trends that have emerged in this rapidly evolving landscape. A total of 2751 publications related to online learning were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 2020 to 2022. ⋯ The study underscores the global scholarly engagement, collaborative networks, and principal themes that have shaped the field. As medical education adapts to the shifting landscape, the trajectory of online learning research points toward increased learner autonomy, integration of advanced technologies, and interdisciplinary collaboration. This transformative shift promises to reshape medical education, equipping learners and educators with the tools needed to navigate the dynamic realm of modern healthcare education.
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Intrauterine microcephaly is a complex and lifelong condition that poses significant ethical challenges for clinicians and parents. The prognosis of microcephaly is highly variable and depends on the underlying cause and severity. In addition, microcephaly is often associated with various comorbidities, including intellectual disability, developmental delay, and epilepsy. Ultrasonography (US) is currently the most commonly used imaging modality for detecting microcephaly in the second trimester of pregnancy. However, antenatal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used as a more sensitive tool to identify structural abnormalities that may suggest a specific diagnosis. In this study, we report a case series of microcephaly diagnosed through the combination of MRI and US. ⋯ US is an important tool for diagnosing fetal microcephaly. However, MRI can overcome the limitations of US and detect additional brain structural abnormalities, thereby providing more specific and valuable prenatal diagnostic information. Therefore, combining MRI and US has significant diagnostic value for fetal microcephaly.