Medicine
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The high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) gene is overexpressed in malignant tumors, and its expression level correlates with the progression and metastasis of tumors. However, the specific role of HMGA1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and relevant influencing approaches in tumor immunity remain unclear. In this study, the expression and clinical significance of HMGA1 in HCC immunity were analyzed. ⋯ Amplification was the main type of genetic alteration in HMGA1. These findings demonstrate that HMGA1 can be a therapeutic target and a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC. HMGA1 may affect the progression of HCC by suppressing the immune function of these patients.
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Urinary incontinence (UI), which affects the quality of life, is associated with different risk factors during pregnancy. We aimed to study the risk factors related to UI during pregnancy among nulliparous women in the UAE. This is a prospective descriptive survey, which included all nulliparous women after the first 24 weeks' gestation from 2012 to 2014 in a teaching hospital in the UAE. ⋯ UI affects one-fifth of nulliparous women in the UAE. Chronic cough, constipation, and repeated UTI infection, significantly increase the odds of UI during pregnancy. Addressing these risk factors may reduce the risk of UI.
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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is closely associated with hyperglycemia and a worse prognosis in patients with a previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A few studies investigated the effects of diabetes treatment regimens in these patients during hospitalization. Here, we evaluate the impact of insulin and non-insulin therapy on glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted with COVID-19. ⋯ In patients with moderate severity of COVID-19, average blood glucose was also significantly higher in the insulin-only treated group (197 ± 76 vs 168 ± 51 mg/dL, P = .001). Most patients (80%) in the combination treatment group received metformin. Moderately affected COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes could safely be treated with antihyperglycemic medications with or without insulin.
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Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease, which is classified into primary and secondary MN. Malignancy-associated MN (M-MN) accounts for about 10% of secondary MN cases. Lung cancer is the most common type of malignancy among M-MN patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have showed promising efficacy and good safety in many types of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. To date, whether ICIs could be a treatment option for M-MN patients with PD-L1 expression and or high tumor mutation burden (TMB) level has not been documented. ⋯ Our work suggests that combined ICIs might be an effective treatment option for M-MN patients who harbor PD-L1 expression. Our work highlights that the presence of malignancy should not be neglected at the initial diagnosis of MN.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effectiveness and safety of Inclisiran in hyperlipidemia treatment: An overview of systematic reviews.
This paper aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Inclisiran in treating hyperlipidemia through an overview of systematic reviews (SRs). ⋯ 300mg Inclisiran with 2 injections a year has the best therapeutic effect, which can significantly reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients with hyperlipidemia. Inclisiran has a favorable safety profile, with no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions compared to a placebo. Most of the adverse effects were associated with the reaction on the injection site.